GENERAL HISTORY. 85 



toriiim Aiiimaliiim " (in tlie volume devoted to the " Animalia 

 Aqnatilia "), faitlifuUy copied all of Olaus Magnus's figures under 

 the heading "De Cetis," and then presents, under the name 

 Bosmarus, the figure of the Walrus from Olaus Magnus. This 

 figure, however, he judiciously criticises, stating that the tusks 

 should be in the upper jaw, and not in the lower, as they were 

 represented by Olaus Magnus. This last-named author, in the 

 later editions of his work "De Gentium Septentrionalium Cbn- 

 ditionibus," etc. (as in that of 1563), rightly places, according to 

 von Baer, the tusks in the upi)er jaw. Gesner (continues von 

 Baer) knew only the first edition of this work, and took his 

 figure from the above-mentioned " Tabula Terrarum Septen- 

 trionalium." Also were unknown to him the accounts of the Wal- 

 rus given by " Herberstain, Chancellor, and Othere," so that he 

 made extracts from only Michovius and Albertus Magnus. He 

 also knew no better than to offer, as a figure of the Walrus, a 

 drawing he had received from Strassburg, representing, pretty 

 fairly, the head and tusks, while the rest was purely a fabrica- 

 tion. Some rhymes, which he fuither inflicts wpon his readers, 

 show clearly how " awful" the conceptions of the Walrus then 

 were (or, as von Baer puts it, " Wie schauerlich noch die Vor- 

 stellungen vom Wallrosse waren ").* 



In 1608, a young living Walrus was taken to England, having 

 been captured on Bear or Cherie Island off the coast of Nor- 

 way, t while foiti' years later (1612) another young Walrus, with 

 the stuffed skin of its mother, was taken to Holland. The first 

 appears to have been very intelligently described by ^lius Ever- 

 hard Vorstius, whose description is quoted by De Laet. } The 

 specimen taken to Holland was well figured by Hessel Gerard, 

 the young one doubtless from life, the figures being published 

 by him in 1613, and subsequently repeatedly copied (as will 

 be more fully noticed later). 



In 1625, Purchas, in his history of the voyages of the English 

 to Cherie Island and Spitzbergen (then called "Greenland"), 

 gives much interesting information respecting the chase of the 



* To show what these conceptions were, von Baer cites the passages 

 already quoted (antea, p. 81), in reference to the singular misinterpretations 

 given in Western Europe to the Russian name Morss. See von Baer, 1. c, 

 p. 113. 



t Recueil de Voy. au Nord, 2<= 6d., tome ii, p. 368. 



t Nov. Orb. s. Dcscrip. Ind. Occ, 1633, p. 41. 



See von Baer, 1. c, p. 128; Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1853, p. 115. 



