414 FAMILY PHOCIDJE. 



Subfamily 2. Phocina, witli, originally, the genera Phoca and Cal- 

 locephalus, to which were added later Pagomys^ Pagophilus, and 

 Halicyon. Subfamily 3. TricMsina (or TricJiechina, as spelled 

 later), with the genera Halichcerus and Tricliecus (or Trichechus, 

 as spelled later). Subfamily 4. Gystophorinu^ with the genera 

 Cystophora and Morunga. Subfamily 5. Arctoceplialina (includ- 

 ing all the Eared Seals). 



In 1866 Gill restricted the family PJiocidw to the Earless 

 Seals a group equivalent to Turner's subfamily Phocina and 

 divided it into three subfamilies, as follows : 1. PJiocince, includ- 

 ing the genera Phoca, Pagomys, Pagophilus, Erignathiis, Hali- 

 chcerus, and Monachus ; 2. Cystophorince, including the genera. 

 Cystophora and Macrorhimis ; 3. Stenorhynchina;, with the gen- 

 era Lohodon, Stenorhynchus, Leptonyx, and Ommatophoca. Gill's 

 Phocinw is the equivalent of Gray's Phocina and TrichecMna, 

 with the addition to the former of Monachus and the exclusion 

 from the latter of Trichechus, while Gill's Cystophorince and Steno- 

 rhyncMncc are the exact equivalents of Gray's groups of similar 

 name, except tjiat Monachus is excluded from the latter. 



In 1869 Gray separated from the Phocidce the Walruses and 

 the Otaries as distinct famihes, thereby restricting the Phocidce 

 to the Earless Seals, as Gill had previously done, but divided 

 the Phocidce into five " tribes." His classification of the group 

 as presented by him in 1871 is as follows: Family Phocidce. 

 Tribe I. Phocina, with the genera Callocephalus, Pagomys, Pago- 

 philus, Halicyon, Phoca. Tribe II. Halichcerina, = genus Hali- 

 chcerus. Tribe III. Monachina, = genus Monachus. Tribe TV. 

 Stenorhynchina, with the genera tStenorhynchus, Lohodon, Lep- 

 tonyx, Ommatophoca. Tribe V. Oystophorina, with the genera 

 Morunga and Cystophora. The difference between the two 

 schemes consists (1) in "the equivalency of Gill's Phocince with 

 Gray's first three " tribes," and (2) in the designations " sub- 

 families" and "tribes." Gill's scheme of division of the family 

 into three subfamilies has been adopted by most subsequent 

 writers, even Gray himself adopting it in 1874. The three 

 "subfamilies" now so currently accepted seem to be well- 

 marked natural groups, but whether entitled to the rank thus 

 accorded may perhaps be open to question. 



Genera. The first dismemberment of the Linnfeau genus 

 Phoca, after the removal of the Eared Seals by Peron in 1810,* 



* For a discussion of Pusa, Scopoli, 1777, see jyostm under the genus Hali- 

 cliccrus. The term was gcuerically applied to what seems to have heen 

 Phoca fcetida, hut fortunately slumbered for a century, when it was unhaj)- 

 pily revived. 



