TECHNICAL HISTORY SPECIES. 441 



former one. It includes as valid one more species, while the list 

 of doubtful ones contains three more, including the two "new 

 species" (P. coxii and P. /acMte/.) described by him three years 

 before. Phoca oceanica is raised from a synonym to the rank of 

 a valid species ; Phoca foetida appears in place of P. hispida ; 

 Phoca Jupina is transferred to the doubtful list, and two nomi- 

 nal species are added. Altogether there is an increase of two 

 valid species (P. harhata and P. leptonyx), making eight in all 

 (or nine Avith P.fasciata, given as doubtful). 



Blainville, the same year (1820,) himself published descrip- 

 tions of the species accredited to him by Desmarest, namely, 

 Phoca hyronia * and Phoca leptonyx ( = Stenorhynchus leptonyXj 

 F. Cuvier), both based on specimens in the Museum of the Eoyal 

 College of Surgeons of London. 



Nilsson, in 1820, in his "Skandinavisk Fauna", described 

 Phoca vitulina under the name Phoca variegata, Phoca foetida as 

 Phoca annellata, HaUchcerus grypus as Halichcerus griseus, and 

 Cystophora cnstata as Cystophora horealis. 



In 1822, Ohoris, in his "Voyage pittoresque autour du 

 Monde," figured and described a Seal under the name "Chien 

 de mer du detroit de Behring" (pi. viii of the livraison treating 

 of Kamtschatka, etc.). The figure is exceedingly inartistic, but 

 the coloration agrees very well with a common phase of Phoca 

 vitulina. Its only importance turns on the fact that it later 

 became the Phoca chorist of Lesson. The figure is often referred 

 to as being unaccompanied by a description, but at p. 12 of 

 the livraison above cited, occurs the following: "Phoque du 

 detroit de Behring, blanc, tachete de petites marques noires ; il 

 dift'ere cei^eudant de celui des lies Aleoutiennes qui est d'un 

 blanc sale, et n'a presque point de taches. Dans les iles Kou- 

 riles on en trouve encore une autre espece, mais tout-a-fait 

 noire, marquetee de petites taches blanches en fonu d'annelets 

 [Phoca foetida f]. Sa grandeur toutefois est generalement de 

 quatre i^ieds a quatre pieds et demi." 



In 1824, F. Cuvier, in his paper on the classification of the 

 Seals, already noticed,! in which he divided the Earless Seals 

 into five generic groups, gave to the young Seal figured and 

 described in his livraison ix of his "Histoire IS'aturelle des 

 Mammiferes" as the "Phoque commun", the specific name dis- 

 color { Phoca foetida), referring it at the same time to his 



* Jonrn. de Physique, vol. xci, 1820, pp. 287, 288. 



t Ann. dii Miis. d'Hist. Nat., torn, xi, pp. 174-200, pll. xii-xix. See antea, 

 pp. 415, 417. 



