2 The Trees of Great Britain and Ireland 



1 1. Nuts enclosed in the involucre. 



A. Involucres with linear, awl-shaped, bristly appendages. Species 2, 3, and 4. 



2. FagTis sylvatica. Europe. 



Fruit-stalks short and pubescent throughout. 



Leaves : under surface glabrous except on the nerves and midrib ; lateral 

 nerves 5-9 pairs ; margin not regularly serrate. 



3. Fagrus ferruginea. North America. 

 Fruit-stalks short and pubescent throughout. 



Leaves : under surface glabrous except on the nerves and midrib ; lateral 

 nerves 10 12 pairs, ending in the teeth ; margin serrate. 



4. Fagfus sinensis. Central China. 



Fruit-stalks short, pubescent only close to the involucre. 



Leaves : minutely pubescent over their whole under surface ; lateral nerves 

 9-10 pairs ending in the teeth ; margin serrate. 



B. Involucres with their lower appendages dilated and foliaceous. Species 5, 6, 7. 



5. Fagns opientalis. Caucasus, Asia Minor, N. Persia. 



Fruit -stalks long (twice the length of the involucre or more) and very 



pubescent throughout. 

 Leaves : broadest above the middle ; lateral nerves about 10 pairs, bending 



round before quite reaching the undulate margin ; under surface glabrous 



except on the midrib and nerves. 



6. Fagrus Sieboldi. Japan. 



Fruit-stalks short (cis long as the involucres) and pubescent throughout 

 Leaves : broadest below the middle; lateral nerves 7-10 pairs, bending round 



before quite reaching the margin, which is crenate ; under surface glabrous 



beneath except on the nerves and midrib. 



7. Fagns Engfleriana. Central China. 



Fruit-stalks very long (five times the length of the involucre) and quite glabrous. 

 Leaves glabrous and glaucescent underneath ; lateral nerves 1 3 pairs, bend- 

 ing round before quite reaching the undulate margin. 



Fagus ferruginea. American Beech. 



Fagus ferruginea, Dryander, in Ait. Hort. Kew. iii. 362 (1789); Loudon, Arb. et Frut. iii. 1980 



(1838); Mayr. Wald. von Nordamerika, 176 (1890). 

 Fagus sylvatica atropunicea, Marsh. Arb. Am. 46 (1785). 

 Fagus sitvestris, Mich. fil. Itist. Arb. Am. ii. 170, t. 8 (1812). 

 Fagus atropunicea, Sudworth, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, xx. 42 (1893). 

 Fagus americana. Sweet, Hort. Brit. 370 (1826); Sargent, Silva of N. Am. ix 27 (1896). 



The American beech ranges, according to Sudworth, from Nova Scotia to 

 north shore of Lake Huron and Northern Wisconsin; south, to western Florida; 

 and west, to south-eastern Missouri and Texas (Trinity River). Mayr* says it is at 



Mayr, l.c. 



