i6o The Trees of Great Britain and Ireland 



tree from Pyrus Aria and Pyrus latifolia, the species nearly allied. In winter the 

 following characters are available, as shown in Plate 45 : 



Twigs : long shoots, round, glabrous, often with waxy patches ; lenticels long, 

 numerous. Leaf-scars : crescentic, with 3 equal-sized bundle dots, obliquely set on 

 a brownish projecting cushion. Buds glistening, pubescent at the tip ; terminal 

 much the largest ; side-buds arising at an acute angle with their apices directed in- 

 wards. The bud-scales have a dark-coloured rim to the ciliate margin, and their 

 apex is scalloped with a central projection ending in a tuft of long hairs. The short 

 shoots are ringed, pubescent, with a terminal bud. 



Distribution 



The variety minima occurs only in Breconshire, on the limestone mountain cliff 

 Craig Cille, near Crickhowell, and at Blaen Onnen, two miles to the west of Craig 

 Cille, and is a small shrub clothing the cliffs up to 2000 feet altitude. The flowers 

 and fruit are very similar to those of the mountain ash ; and Koehne supposes it to 

 be a hybrid between Pyrus intermedia and Pyrus Aucuparia, which occur in the same 

 locality. 



The form Mougeoti, which is considered by many botanists to be a distinct 

 species, occurs in Lorraine, the Vosges, Jura, Suabian and Western Alps, and in the 

 Carpathians. It never attains a great size, being either a low bush or a small tree 

 15 to 30 feet in height. In Piercefield Park, Monmouth, Great Doward in Hereford, 

 and a few other localities in the west of England, a shrub or small tree has been found 

 which is near this form.^ 



Var. scandica has been found in Britain, in a few localities in Denbighshire and 

 Breconshire,^ and also at Chepstow ' in Monmouthshire, always growing on limestone 

 rocks. It was supposed to grow also in Arran, but Koehne,^ as will be seen in our 

 account of the peculiar forms of that island under Pyrus pinnatifida, denies its 

 occurrence there. _ (A. H.) 



This variety is widely spread in Northern Europe. The best account we know 

 of this tree is by Conwentz, who calls it " Pirus Suecica" He says that most authors 

 speak of it as a small tree or shrub Koehne only gives it as 7 metres high. It 

 grows on granite, gneiss, chalk, and alluvium, and extends from the island of Aland, 

 South-east Sweden, South Norway, and Denmark, to North-east Germany, where, 

 however, it seems to be quite a rare tree and only recently discovered. 



It is represented in France, Switzerland, Austria, and Bosnia by P. Mougeoti, 

 which many botanical authors have mistaken for it, and which, according to 

 Conwentz, can only be distinguished in some varieties by the fruit. 



In the island of Oesel, in the Baltic, it is much planted, and often attains 2 metres 

 in girth. Conwentz, however, found wild specimens at Soeginina near Karral, at 

 Pajumois near Keilkond, at Wita Jahn, and in other places mostly small trees, but 



' It is called Pyrtis intermedia, Ehrh., by the Rev. Augustin Ley. Briggs and Boswell think it is perhaps a form of 

 Aria or rupicola. S>te Jour. Bot. 1884, p. 216. It is certainly quite distinct, in my opinion, from scandica or latifolia. 

 ^ Jour. Bot. 1903, p. 215. 3 Specimen at Kew, ^ Jour. Bot. 1897, p. 99. 



