218 



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friend should have located in some 

 field not preoccupied by another. 



This one example is enough ; many 

 more could be given. It does seem to 

 me, that shere is a fitness and fairness 

 of things backed up by the best inter- 

 ests of the intruding party, that should 

 influence bee-keepers to observe the 

 priority-right principle. So it will be 

 seen that I cannot agi'ee with Mr. 

 Pond, that the simple question, " Can 

 :any one who chooses keep bees upon 

 liis own land ?" covers the whole 

 ground of the priority-right principle ; 

 •evidently that conclusion has been 

 rather hastily reached. 



Very true, the doctrine of the sur- 

 Tival of the fittest will usually kill off 

 all but one in most localities ; but, oh ! 

 the loss, the cruelty, the heart-biu'n- 

 ings, and the unseemliness of the whole 

 unbrotherly, inhuman process ; enough 

 has come under my own personal ob- 

 servations to fill a volume, and sadden 

 the hearts of a nation of bee-keepers. 



When in a discussion I hear any one 

 hurl at his opponent " selfishness," and 

 the like, I generally smile, and solilo- 

 quize thus : " Abuse is not arguments 

 — they are exhausted. 



Belmont, Ont. 



BEE-CELLARS. 



Even Temperature of Under- 

 Oround Cellar§, ete. 



Written Jor the American, Bee Journal 



BY KEV. STEPHEN KOESE. 



The weather here is very soft and 

 open, and the bees in my above-ground 

 bee-house are getting very uu'easy, so 

 that the floor is quite covered with 

 dead bees. Had I known that the 

 winter would have been so open, I 

 would surely have left them on the 

 summer stands ; but as it is, I will 

 have to make the best of it, and do the 

 next best thing. I fear that if settled 

 weather of some kind does not soon 

 come, some colonies will get very 

 weak, and heavy spring dwindling will 

 be the result. 



It is my candid opinion that undei-- 

 ground bee-cellars furnish the most 

 even temperature for bees to winter in 

 successfully, and, if life is spared, I 

 shall prepare one for next wintei-. It 

 is hoped that the pleasing key-note — 

 the joyful hum of the busy bee— will 

 soon greet the apiarist's ear, and 

 banish all fear of spring dwindling — a 

 disaster so much dreaded in the north- 

 ern latitude. 



The Bee Journal is a welcome 

 guest, and deserves credit for punctu- 

 ality and candor in bringing that which 

 is wholesome and good ; and its con- 

 tributors and aids must surely be a 



class who do more than eat, drink, and 

 sleep ; for late improvements and 

 modern devices speak louder than 

 words. If legislation and law-making 

 require brains, most surely successful 

 bee-keeping requires intellect and 

 mental exercise to study the ways and 

 nature of the industrious bees, for the 

 benefit of mankind. 

 Maiden Rock, Wis., Mar. 17, 1889. 



SECTION-PRESS. 



Press for Folding Sections and 

 Fastenins Foundation. 



Written for the American Bee Journal 



BY C. THEILMANN. 



I find the following on page 171 of 

 the American Bee Journal for 1888, 

 written by Ed. S. Eden : 



" It is somewhat interesting to me 

 to I'ead the different replies to my let- 

 ter on fastening foundation in sections, 

 as published on page 790 of the Bee 

 Journal for 1887 ; each one claims 

 that his method, or machine, is just 

 what is wanted ; but I fail to see as yet 

 (even after reading Mr. Alpaugh's let- 

 ter on page 125) that the point of satis- 

 faction is reached. One of the faults 

 with the majority of machines is, that 

 they cannot be adjusted to different 

 sized sections ; some machines (and 

 Mr. Alpaugh's is one of them) can only 

 fasten foundation into 4-piece sections, 

 and that before the sections are put 

 together. Each machine must be made 

 for a certain size of section," etc. 



I feel it mj' duty to say sometliing 

 about the Alpaugh foundation fastener 

 and section-press, as I put all the foun- 

 dation into my sections to perfection, 

 and folded the sections perfectly at the 

 same time last season, with this splen- 

 did combined machine. I know of no 

 machine that fastens foundation more 

 perfectly and more speedily than this 

 machine does it, and at the same time 

 fold the sections perfectly square. 



My sections are all one-i)iecc, and 

 when folded by the machine, the foun- 

 dation is sealed in by a steel blade, 

 which is heated by a small lamp made 

 out of a small tin cup. I have used 

 about one pint of Signal Service oil 

 (costs 15 cents) to fasten about 12,000 

 full sized pieces of foundation into 

 sections. 



I have put out my bees 20 days 

 earlier than last year. I put out 217 

 colonies yesterday, and all are in fine 

 condition. To-day (March 21) they 

 brought in pollen from the soft maples, 

 which are in bloom. Last year it was 

 April 10 when the first pollen came in. 

 The weather is fine, and farmers have 

 commenced seeding. 



Wabasha Co., Minn. 



ONTARIO. 



Proceedings of the Haidimand 

 Convention. 



BY E. C. CAMPBELL. 



The annual meeting of the Haldi- 

 man Bee-Keepers' Association was held 

 at the Town Hall in Cayuga, on March 

 1, 1889. 



Those present were Jas. Armstrong, 

 President, in the chair ; Messrs. W. 

 Kindree, D. Anguish, Israel Overholt, 

 M. Schisler, F. Rose, Isaac G. Wisnier, 

 O. Fathers, Robt. Coverdale, James 

 Jack, and the .Secretary. 



The minutes of the last meeting were 

 read and confirmed. 



Tlie election of officers was the first 

 business, when the following were 

 elected : President, James Armstrong ; 

 Vice-President, F. Rose ; Secretai'y- 

 Treasurer, E. C. Campbell. Directors, 

 Isaac Overholt, Wm. Kindree, W. 

 Atkinson, and F. Mehlenbacher. 



The President read extracts from the 

 By-Laws of the Ontario Bee-Keepers' 

 Association, when it was moved by 

 Mr. Campbell, seconded by Mr. Over- 

 holt, that the Secretaiy be authorized 

 to send $5 to the Ontario Bee-Keepers' 

 Association for aifiliation with that 

 Society for 1889. Carried. 



It was moved by Mr. Rose, seconded 

 by Mr. Overholt, that the President 

 correspond with the Secretary of the 

 Ontario Bee-Keepers' Association with 

 reference to securing a lecture from 

 some prominent bee-keeper at our next 

 meeting. 



Pastui-ag;e for Bees. 



Mr. David Anguish, President of 

 the Brant Bee-Keepers' Association, 

 read the following short essay on bee- 

 pasturage : 



I know by experience that there is 

 more importance in pasturage for bees 

 than there is in the management of the 

 apiarists. The last season's crop of 

 honey will explain what I mean better 

 than I can. You are all aware that I 

 got a very fair yield of honey when 

 you all failed here in Haidimand. I 

 do not pretend to say that I am a bet- 

 ter apiarist than there is in Haidimand 

 county. 



Brant county gave a very fair yield 

 of honey, with the exception of a few 

 localities in and around the city of 

 Brantford. There was one bee-keeper 

 in the county of Brant, who, from one 

 colony in the spring, increased to four, 

 all very strong, with plenty of honey 

 to cari-y them through, and he got 125 

 pounds of surplus comb honey in one- 

 pound sections ; it was all gathered 

 from Canadian thistle and buckwheat. 



I think it would be advisable for 

 every bee-keeper to try some of the 



