3o8 THE TIMBERS OF THE WORLD 



decorative work and furniture, especially by the Pullman Car Company 

 in coaches, restaurants, and smoking carriages, where it presents a 

 very handsome appearance. In that country, however, it is known by 

 the names of koko and laurel-wood. It is specially adapted for use in 

 veneering, and it is a good wood for turnery. 



With the growing scarcity of European walnut it should become 

 much appreciated for decorative work in England, as it possesses high- 

 class quahties similar to that wood. It is not, however, suited to some 

 of the purposes to which European and American walnut is put ; for 

 rifle stocks, for instance, it is too hard, brittle, and heavy. For this 

 purpose the product of A. procera {q.v.) is more suitable. 



In working the timber of the three species named above it has been 

 sometimes found that the dust causes the workmen to sneeze. 



Under the lens a light and dark concentric ring can be clearly seen. 

 The meduUary rays cannot be discerned. The pores are irregular in 

 size and position. 



Walnut, Manchurian. Juglans mandschunca, Maxim. Weight, 32 lbs. 

 Manchuria. 



This walnut resembles the European walnut {Juglans regia), but is 

 generaU\^ milder and straighter in the grain. It is more of a yello^\ish- 

 brown in colour, and there is a marked absence of the Hght and dark 

 streaks which characterise the European walnut. According to the 

 information at present available the trees are, unfortunately, aU small 

 in girth and consequently only provide narrow widths, which wiU mihtate 

 against the wood as a timber for export. Like other walnuts it stands 

 well under all conditions without warping or twisting. 



The annual rings are clearly marked. The pores, somewhat irregular 

 in size and arrangement, do not form any definite pore-zone. The fine 

 medullar}^ rays and thin Hght fines joining them at right angles come 

 into view as in European walnut, when the transverse section is examined 

 under the lens. 



Walnut, Satin. Liquidamhar styraciflua, Linn. Weight, 37 lbs. 7 oz. 

 North America. 



In England this wood has also been variously named hazel pine, 

 red pine, grey pine, and Califomian red gum, but in America it is known 

 as gum, sweet gum, or red gum. All the Engfish names have probably 

 been given for commercial reasons, as the wood has never been so favour- 

 ably received as the exporters would wish. It fiUs, however, a very 

 important place in the timber suppHes of America, where the cfimatic 

 conditions prove more suitable for its preservation than do those of the 

 United Kingdom. 



