Ferns and Fern Allies 57 



Equisctnin varicgatiim, or Varigated Horsetail, has 

 rough, perennial, evergreen stems, growing in tufts, and re- 

 sembles Rush Pipes, being, however, a much taller plant. 



Eqnisetum hyemale, or Scouring Rush, has stiff, slender 

 stems, and pointed spikes. Its name denotes that it is used 

 by European peasants for scouring floors. 



STIFF CLUB MOSS 



Lycopodium annotinum. Club Moss Family 



Stems: much branched, slender, prostrate and creeping, rather stiff, 

 the branches ascending, sparingly forked. Leaves: uniform, spreading, 

 five-ranked, rigid, linear-lanceolate, minutely serrulate, nerved below ; 

 spikes solitary at the ends of the branches, oblong-cylindric, composed 

 of ovate bracts, each with a sporange in its axil ; spores smooth on the 

 basal surface. 



A moss-like herb, with numerous tiny leaves completely 

 covering the short branches, which terminate in dense, ob- 

 long spikes composed of small bracts, each one with a sac 

 containing spores in its axil. 



Lycopodium clavatum, or Creeping Club Moss, has exten- 

 sively creeping stems and short, irregular, densely leafy 

 branches. The leaves are much crowded, incurved, and 

 tipped with tiny bristles, and the spikes grow in clusters of 

 from one to four on long peduncles. 



Lycopodium Selago, or Fir Club Moss, has thick, rigid, 

 erect stems, the forked branches forming level-topped clus- 

 ters. 



Lycopodium alpinum, or Alpine Club Moss, has elon- 

 gated, creeping stems, from which the densely clustered 

 branches rise. The leaves are closely imbricated, and 

 four-ranked, and the spikes solitary at the top of the 

 branches. 



Lycopodium sitchense, or Arctic Club Moss, is found at 



