xxii KEYS LEAVES ALTERNATE 



162. A knob or spur at each angle of the leaf-scar. 



p. 151. Wisteria. 

 Leaf-scars without knobs at their angles. 163. 



163. Buds small or sunken or covered by the leaf-scar. 164. 

 Buds moderately large, evident. 167. 



164. Bundle-trace 1: stems not corrugated, p. 232. Actinidia. 

 Bundle-traces 3-7: stems corrugated. (Menispermaceae). 165. 



165. Stem hairy: stone of fruit crescent-shaped, p. 61. Cocculus. 

 Stem becoming nearly or quite glabrous. 166. 



166. Stem finally glabrous: stone crescent-shaped. 



p. 61. Menispermum. 

 Stem somewhat pubescent: stone cup-shaped. 



p. 61. Calycocarpum. 



167. Buds oblong, appressed. p. 217. Berchemia. 

 Buds round or ovoid, not appressed. 168. 



168. Bundle-trace 1. 169. 

 Bundle-traces several. 170. 



169. Bud-scales glabrous, acute. p. 199. Celastrus. 

 Bud-scales pubescent, blunt. p. 336. Solanum. 



170. Pith excavated: leaf-scars low. p. 65. Schizandra. 

 Pith continuous: leaf-scars raised. 171. 



171. Deciduous: leaf-scars much raised. p. 55. Akebia. 

 Evergreen: leaves digitately compound, p. 54. Stauntonia. 



172. With spines (pungent twigs or stipules). 173. 

 With prickles (superficial outgrowths). 197. 

 Without either spines or prickles. 202. 



173. Scurfy with silvery or brown scales. 174. 

 Not scurfy with such scales. 175. 



174. End-bud often present: twigs moderate, p. 247. Elaeagnus. 

 Twigs ending in spines, very slender, p. 246. Hippophae. 



175. Spines at side of the leaf-scar, (stipules). 176. 

 Spines representing leaves. See 146. 



Spines ending the twigs, or axillary (stem). 181. 



