26 BETULACEAE. 



Winter-character references to Betulaceae. 



'Alnus Alnobetula. Schneider, f. 160. A. firma. Shira- 

 sawa, 231, pi. 1. A. glutinosa (A. vulgaris). Blakeslee & 

 Jarvis, 426; Bosemann, 56; Fant, 30, f. 30; Schneider, f. 17, 

 58, 113; Ward, 1:206, f. 106; Willkomm, 4, 21, f. 17. A. in- 

 cana. Blakeslee & Jarvis, 426, pi.; Bosemann, 56; Fant, 30; 

 Schneider, f. 112; Willkomm, 6, 21, f. 18. A. incana glauca. 

 Shirasawa, 230, pi. 1. A. japonica. Shirasawa, 230, pi. 1. A. 

 rugosa (A. serrulata). Blakeslee & Jarvis, 426. A. viridis. 

 Willkomm, 911, 22, f. 19. A. viridis siUrica. Shirasawa, 

 231, pi. 



Betula alpestris. Fant, 15. B. Bhojpattra. Shirasawa, 

 246, pi. 4. B. fruticosa. Fant, 16; Zuccarini, 18, pi. 10. B. 

 globispica. Shirasawa, 246, pi. 4. B. grossa. Shirasawa, 251, 

 pi. 5. B. Jiumilis. Bosemann, 74; Fant, 15; Schneider, f. 161; 

 Willkomm, 20, f. 16. B. lenta. Blakeslee & Jarvis, 337, 414, 

 pi.; Otis, 86. B. lutea. Blakeslee & Jarvis, 337, 416, pi.; Otis, 

 88. B. Maximowicziana. Shirasawa, 252, pi. 5. B. nana. 

 Bosemann, 74; Fant, 16; Schneider, f. 161. B. nigra. Blakes- 

 lee & Jarvis, 337, 418, pi.; Brendel, pi. 3; Hitchcock (1), 3. 

 B. papyrifera (B. alba papyrifera) . Blakeslee, & Jarvis, 337, 

 422, pi.; Otis, 90; Shirasawa, 246, pi. 4. B. pendula (formerly 

 called B. alba; B. odorata). Blakeslee & Jarvis, 337, 424, pi.; 

 Bosemann, 73; Fant, 15, f. 6; Ward, 1:232, f. 119, 233, f. 120; 

 Willkomm, 4, 20, f. 14, 15; Zuccarini, 17, pi. 10. B. pendula 

 verrucosa. Schneider, f. 36, 160; Shirasawa, 246, pi. 4. B. 

 populifolia. Blakeslee & Jarvis, 337, 420, pi.; Schneider, f. 161. 

 B. pubescens (B. alba). Schneider, f. 160; Willkomm, 20, f. 

 15. B. ulmifolia. Shirasawa, 252, pi. 5. 



Areschoug's Beitrage zur Biologie der Holzgewachse, a 

 unique analysis of bud- and branch-specialization in which 

 Betula figures, was published in volume 12 of Lunds Univer- 

 sitets Aarsskrift, in 1877, after many years of critical obser- 

 vation. A decade later its author made his principal con- 

 clusions more accessible in volume 9 of the Botanische 

 Jahrbucher. 



