40 



ULMACEAE. 



ZELKOVA. 

 (Family Ulmaceae). 



Moderate-sized trees with some- 

 what exfoliating bark: deciduous. 

 Twigs slender, zig-zag, terete: 

 pith small, roundish, spongy ex- 

 cept at the nodes, pale. Buds 

 solitary or collaterally branching, 

 ovoid, sessile, somewhat oblique, 

 with 4 or 5 pairs of 4-ranked 

 scales, the end bud lacking. Leaf- 

 scars alternate, 2-ranked, little 

 raised, crescent-shaped or ellipti- 

 cal, small: bundle traces 3, more 

 or less confluent: stipule-scars 

 unequal, one elongated. (Abe- 

 licea). 



Buds relatively large (2X3 mm.) : 

 glabrate. (1). Z. serrata. 



Buds small (scarcely 1X1.5 mm.) : 

 pubescent. Z. crenata. 



Winter-character references to 

 Ulmaceae (except Ulmus) : Aph- 



ananthe aspera. Shirasawa, 265, pi. 8. Celtis australis. 

 Schneider, f. 166. C. occidentalis. Blakeslee & Jarvis, 331, 

 464, pi.; Brendel, 27, 29, pi. 4; Hitchcock (1), 3; (3), 17; 

 (4), 137, f. 88-9; Otis, 130; Schaffner, Ohio Naturalist, 2:173; 

 3:328; Schneider, f. 136, 166. (7. sinensis. Shirasawa, 263, pi. 

 8. Planer a aquatica. Schneider, f. 135. Zelkova serrata (un- 

 der various names). Schneider, f. 2, 53, 166; Shirasawa, 267, 

 pi. 9. 



Zelkova has been much confused with other genera. For 

 our purposes it differs in its 2- and not 4-ranked bud-scales 

 from other Ulmaceae, a family merged in the Urticaceae, 

 with the Moraceae, by many botanists. 



