104 



ROSACEAE. 



PYRUS. Pear. Apple. 

 (Family Rosaceae). 



Shrubs or usually moderate- 

 sized trees: deciduous. .Twigs 

 moderate, rounded or somewhat 

 angled from the nodes, occasion- 

 ally ending in spines: pith some- 

 what angular, continuous. Buds 

 moderate, solitary, sessile, with 

 about 4 exposed scales more or 

 less keeled above, the end-bud 

 sometimes wanting. Leaf-scars al- 

 ternate, somewhat raised or the 

 nodes swollen below them, linear 

 or U-shaped: bundle-traces 3: 

 stipule-scars lacking 1 . The first 

 two species represent Pyrus in the 

 restricted sense, the apples often 

 being segregated in a genus Mains. 

 Dwarf fruiting branches or 

 spurs are particularly familiar in 

 this genus. An extensive study of 

 the winter storage of starch, begun 



on the apple, is published by Halsted in the second volume 

 of Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club. References under 

 Raphiolepis. 



1. Glabrous: bud-scales submucronate, not margined. 2. 

 Buds, at least, often pubescent, their scales sometimes 



margined. 3. 



2. Twigs olive: lenticels inconspicuous. (1). P. communis. 

 .Twigs red-brown: lenticels conspicuous. (2). P. sinensis. 



3. Buds blunt-ovoid: scales subobtuse. (3). P. Malus. 

 Buds conical-oblong: scales acute. (Wild Crabs). 4. - 



4. Twigs glabrate. P. coronarius. 

 Persistently woolly. (4). P. ioensis. 



