LOCOMOTION 



389 



The speed of walking was 3-7 kilometres per hour and 100 paces 

 per minute. The subject weighed 66 kilogrammes. The weight 

 was only 7-3 kilogrammes. The results obtained are given in 

 the following table, and the general arrangement of the apparatus 

 is shown in fig. 273. 



Fig. 273. Walking on an inclined plane (J. Amar). 



We see that, in ascending, the expenditure of energy increases 

 in proportion to the slope of the plane. If we deduct from the 

 total expenditure in the two ascents the ascertained value of the 

 expenditure on the level, we have respectively : 

 1-0 -41 = -59c and 1-8 -41 = l-39c. 



Hence the work done in raising 1 kg. through 8 cm. (i.e., -08 

 kilogrammetres) involves an expenditure of energy of -59c., which 

 is about 7-4 small calories per. kilogrammetre. While in the 

 second case, where the slope was 13 cm. per metre, the expendi- 

 ture of energy was 10-7 small calories per kilogrammetre. 



It is clear, therefore, that the relative expenditure of energy for 

 slopes of 8 and 13 centimetres is far from being proportional to 



