INDUSTRIAL LABOUR 



life. This gives for 10 hours : 



15 X 65 X 10 = 97-5 Calories. 



Taking 25% as the average yield the corresponding amount of 

 work done per day of 10 hours is small, namely : 



97-5 X -25 X 425 = 10,400 kilogrammetres. 



For work amounting to 70,000 kgm., the writer ( l ) and 

 Atwater ( 2 ) obtained values averaging 1-9 C. per kilogram -hour. 



The expenditure of energy, naturally, rises with increased pro- 

 duction of work. 



The American scientists investigated the diet of nearly 14,000 

 persons in the northern states of America, taking the consumption 

 of foods from the records of public institutions, schools, factories, 

 etc. They found that the proportion of proteids, which increase 

 bulk rather than give nourishment, was excessive. The average 

 of their observations was as follows : 





342. The Institut Solvay carried out inquiries in 1,250 working 

 class homes in Belgium (equivalent to about 6,000 individuals) ( 3 ). 

 Records were taken of the food consumed in a fortnight. The 

 working men in question were of various trades, miners, agri- 

 cultural labourers, weavers, quarrymen, and others. In spite 

 of the fact that they were engaged in heavy manual labour theii 

 daily consumption of proteids did not average more than 90 

 grammes, being highest in the heaviest trades and best paid 

 occupations and least in the lightest and worst paid occupations. 



The heat value of the food consumed in 24 hours was about 

 50 Calories per kilogramme, chiefly contributed by fats and 

 hydro-carbons, i.e., approximately 2 Calories per kilogramme- 

 hour. 



The report of the above enquiry draws attention . to the great 

 diversity of the food of the working classes both in quality and 



( 1 ) Jules Amar, Le Rendement, p. 72. 

 () Atwater and Benedict (Bull., 109, p. 140, 1902). 



( 3 ) A. Slosse and E. Waxweiler, Recherches sur le Travail Humain dans 

 L'Industrie, Bruxelles, 1910. 



