So 



ELEMENTARY PHYSIOLOGY 



Calcium carbonate (carbonate of lime) is composed of the 

 metal calcium together with carbon and oxygen. It exists largely 

 in the bones and teeth. Chalk is a variety of this compound. 



Calcium phosphate (phosphate of lime) consists of calcium, 

 phosphorus, and oxygen. It forms more than fifty per cent, of the 

 weight of bone. Bone ash (see page 40) consists chiefly of this 

 compound and calcium carbonate. 



Sodium chloride or common salt consists of the metal sodium 

 and a yellowish-green gas called chlorine. It is present in small 

 quantities in nearly all parts of the body. 



Many other inorganic substances exist in the body ; and the 

 most important of these will be mentioned in connection with the 

 special functions in which they are concerned. 



THE FOUB 

 CHIEF ELE- 

 MENTS OF 

 THE BODY. 







SUMMARY. 



(A gas. 

 Powerful supporter of combustion. 

 Not combustible. 

 Forms one-fifth of the volume of the air. 

 Forms eight-ninths of the weight of water. 

 , A combustible solid. 



Varieties charcoal, lampblack, black- 

 Carbon . . -I lead, and the diamond. 



Forms carbonic acid gas when it burns. 

 v Contained in most combustible substances. 



I A very light gas. 

 Combustible. 

 Forms water when it burns, 

 j Does not support combustion. 

 V Forms one-ninth of the weight of water. 



IAn inactive gas. 

 Does not support combustion. 

 Forms four-fifths the volume of the air. 



Fatty . . . Fats and oils not much oxygen. 



(Glycogen ] Hydrogen and 



Amyloids . . ] Glucose (grape sugar) [ oxygen as in 



( Lactose (milk sugar) j water. 



/Albumen blood and most tissues. 



| Globulin blood and many tissues. 



Albuminoids 

 or Proteids 



X a 



fc S, 



Gelatinoids 



INORGANIC 

 SUBSTANCES 

 FOUND IN 

 THE BODY 



Fibrin blood, 

 v Casein milk. 

 j Gelatine bone. 

 ' t Chondrin cartilage. 



Water Forms more than two-thirds the weight of the body. 

 Calcium carbonate Calcium, carbon, and 1 ) 



oxygen. [in bones and 



Calcium phosphate Calcium, phosphorus, j teeth. 



oxygen. j 



Common salt Sodium and chlorine in nearly all parts. 



