io8 



ELEMENTARY PHYSIOLOGY 



respectively. The former is prepared by the liver, and the latter 

 by the pancreas. Both these fluids enter the duodenum at or near 

 the same point, one being conveyed from the liver by means of 

 the bile-duct and the other from the pancreas by the pancreatic 

 duct. 



The pancreas is a lobulated gland, situated within the curve of 

 the duodenum, as already described in Lesson XIII. In structure 

 it closely resembles the salivary glands. The liver will be fully 

 described in Lesson XXVII. 



Fig. 104. The Stomach, Duodenum, Liver, Spleen, and Pancreas. 



i, stomach ; 2, pylorus ; 3, duodenum ; 4, liver (under surface) ; 5, gall-bladder ; _6, pan- 

 creas ; 7, bile duct; 8, pancreatic duct ; 9, spleen; 10, aorta; n, portal vein ; 12, 

 splenic artery ; 13, splenic vein. 



The pancreatic juice is a colourless and transparent fluid ; 

 which is slightly alkaline and viscid, and of which twelve to sixteen 

 ounces are secreted daily. It contains 



Water 

 Solids 



r Pancreatin 



t Inorganic salts, &c. . 



980-5 parts 

 127 



6-8 , 



lOOO'O 



The function of this fluid resembles that of the saliva, but is 

 more varied in its action. Thus, it converts starchy foods into 

 soluble grape-sugar ; but like the gastric fluid it dissolves albumin- 

 ous and gelatinous foods, converting them into peptones ; it also 

 emulsifies fats, rendering them fit for absorption. 



