ICHTHYOLOGY. 21 



Kessler does not record any of this family from the Jaxartcs, or, in fact, from the rivers 

 immediately descending from the Tiau Shan or the Alatau Mountains. "VVe are, therefore, left 

 to surmise that in the hills whence these fishes were taken is the abrupt termination of 

 members of the family Salmonidee, which does not possess a solitary representative in 

 Hindustan, except the S. levenensis (introduced on the Nilgiris in Madras). 



If we now take a short review of the Fresh Water Fishes of India we find much as 

 follows : 



ACANTHOPTERYGII. 



Genera Ambassis, Badis, Nandus, Pristolepis, Scicena, G-obius and some allied genera, 

 Rhynchobdella, Hugil, Anabas, Poly acanthus, Osphromenus, Trichogaster, Etroplus 

 exist in India, but are absent from the fresh waters of Afghanistan, Turkestan, and 

 Yarkand. Whether existing only in large rivers or distributed more generally over 

 India, none pass the boundary of the Himalayas. 



Mastacembehis and Ophiocephalus are found in India and in Afghanistan ; both ascend 

 for some height the Himalayas and other hill ranges. 



PHYSOSTOMI. 



SiLTnm^E. Genera Erethistes, Macrones, Rita, Pangasius, Pseudeutropius, Wallago, 

 Olyra, Chaca, Clarias, Saccobranclms, Silundia, Ailia, Ailiichthys, Eutropiichthys, 

 Sisor, Gagata, Nangra, Bagarius, Pseudecheneis, Glyptostermim exist in India, but 

 not in Af ganistan, Turkestan or Yarkand. 



Callichrom and Avnblyceps, which are found in India, appear to be present in Afganistan, 

 and the former also in Kashmir. 



Exostoma is found along the Himalayas ; Silurus in Turkestan and India. 



CYPRINODONTIDJE. Cyprinodon and Haplocheilus are found in India. 



CYPBINIDJE. Genera Homaloptera, Psilorhynclms, Cirrhina, Osteochelm, Scaphiodon, 

 Semiplotus, Catla, Amblypharyngodon, Nuria, Rasbora, Aspidoparia, Rohtee, 

 Danio, Perilampus, Chela, and various genera of Cobitidina exist in India. 



Discognathus, Labeo, and Barilius are common to India and Afghanistan, but are evi- 

 dently Indian forms. 



Oreinus, Schizothorax, and Barbus, are found in India, also in Afghanistan, and the 

 two last in Turkestan, whilst Schizothorax is common in Yarkand. Cobitis or 

 Nemacheihis seem to extend everywhere. 



and NOTOPTERIDJE. Of the genera belonging to these families, and which 

 exist in the fresh waters of India, none go beyond the base of the Himalayas. 



The Fishes of Yarkand ' or Eastern Turkestan consist of species of the following genera : 

 Schizothorax, found also in Afghanistan and "Western Turkestan ; one species on the slopes 



1 I here omit the genera Exostoma from the Himalayas, and Oreinus from the Himalayas and Afghanistan. 



F 



