10 



SECOND YARKAND MISSION. 



s a 



round the other side of Chamba Peak. 1 The section from Changligali to Dangagali 

 little more simple. 



On the saddle at Kaldana the Mari beds dip towards the nummulitic shales, but at 

 Sunnybank they are turned up sharply against the latter. There must have been a tremen- 

 dous slip along this boundary. After some shales and crumbling sandstones, the southern 

 side of the Kaldana hill consists chiefly of limestone, and then follow reddish shales and 

 sandstones, very like those of the Mari group in general character. The shales are seen on 

 the next saddle, succeeded chiefly by limestone and grey shale and carbonaceous sandstone, 

 often very impure. These beds, the calcareous especially, are often full of nummulites, with 

 an occasional pelecypod or gastropod. 



Sairagali. 



Nummulitic g. 

 limestonej sp* 

 and shale. 



j S> ' *$ S> *P> & ' 



Trial. I Trias, 



p.g. I. Nummulitic. -Trias, if. if. l. Nummulitic. Shale. 



fault. 



Oyster bed. 

 Oolitic limestone. 



g. Gieumal sandstone (upper Jurassic), typical, and occasionally very silicious. 

 sp. Spiti shales (Jurassic), typical, but without concretions. 

 ,t. Trias. 



Section from Kairagali to Changligali, distance a little above 2 miles. 



The section on the western side of the Chamba Peak is even more contorted than that 

 made by Waagen on the other (eastern) side. The general dip of the rock is towards the 

 north-west, and the consequence is, that the rocks are dreadfully twisted in every stream : 

 on the whole, the section is much more contorted than in the sketch. 



The triassic limestone in contact with the Spiti shales is semi-oolitic, just like the Krol 

 limestone in some places. Its thickness is generally from 10 to 30 feet, and then follows 

 more compact grey limestone, sometimes full of small oysters. About half a mile from 

 Kairagali, I got a good Rhychonella in it. Changligali lies on shales, but the next 



Changligali. 



Dangaf>ali. 



Shales. Limestone. 



Shales. 



Limestones 

 and 



shales. 



Trias. 



sp. g. t. sp. g. 

 Ammonites. Trigonia 



and Aslarti. 



Nummulitic. 



Section from Ckangligali to Dangagali, distance about 6^ miles. 



hill is limestone, mostly vertical, and dreadfully old-looking. If I had not occasionally got 

 a nummulite out of the intermediate calcareous shales, I should certainly have taken the 

 limestone for triassic. But, as a rule, the nummulitic limestone is highly bituminous, while 

 the compact triassic limestone is apparently never bituminous, and the semi-oolitic (triassic) 

 limestone is occasionally slightly bituminous, but generally not. Nummulitic beds continue 

 about half-way to Dangagali. There is a great thickness of triassic limestone, and then 



1 Eec. G. S. I., Vol. V, 1872, p. 16. 



