GEOLOGY. 43 



greater height. The green rock alternates with thick beds of a white quartzose and calca- 

 reous schist, and heyond the pass the green rock becomes more solid, loses its stratification, 

 and becomes a regular greenstone, exactly like that I met with east of Sastekke, on the 

 Sarikol road. Black slate I only saw in one or two places, and then in mere fragments or 

 blocks ; but it is evident that the whole series of rocks is the same as that south-west of Sanju- 



June 4th and 5th, Chiklik to camp, about 2 miles west of Mazarkhoja. Two short 

 marches, together about 16 miles. Nearly all the way nothing was seen but greenstone, similar 

 to that near Sasak Taka : towards the end of the second march this unstratified greenstone 

 is overlain by chloritic schists and other bedded metamorphic rocks, resembling those to the 

 north of the Sanju pass. 



June 6th and 7th, Mazarkhoja to Grinjlkalik. Two marches, together 18 or 19 miles. A 

 mixture of metamorphic rocks was met with, like those north of the Sanju pass, dipping at a 

 rather high angle to north-west, west, and south-west. The whole series seems much disturbed. 

 The prevalent rock isaquartziticand highly hornblendic schist, traversed in all directions by rami- 

 fying veins of white quartz, with some schorl, and by other darker veins, containing hornblende. ' 



June 8th, Jiraksheldi, 10 miles. The same metamorphic rocks continue for about a mile 

 beyond yesterday's camp, and rest here on light-coloured, rather fine-grained gneiss, which is 

 indistinctly stratified, and dips to the north-west. It is traversed by dark hornblendic veins. 

 This greyish white gneiss continues for a couple of miles, and rests on an unstratified mass of 

 fine gneiss porphyry, 1 similar to that I saw west of Sarikol. This fedlspathic gneiss seems to 

 form the axis of the whole metamorphic mass ; for, further to south by east from this camp, 

 within about a mile, it is again overlain by the same somewhat fine-grained greyish- white 

 gneiss, dipping to the south. This gneiss is, again, overlain at the camp by almost vertical and 

 much-contorted beds of black shale, grey sandstone, and conglomerate, the same as I saw 

 north of Tarn. The coarse conglomerate has a comparatively recent aspect, but the whole 

 series of rocks must be upper paleozoic, although one cannot help doubting the fact. 



June 9th, Kulunaldi, 12 miles. [This march led across the main ridge of the Kuenluen 

 by the Yangi pass (16,000 feet), and down again into the upper valley of the Yarkand river. 

 The corresponding pass to the eastward crossed on the journey to Yarkand is that of Suget.] 



From yesterday's camp, the sandstones, conglomerates, and interbedded shales continued 

 up the pass, where the conglomerates were of great thickness, evidently occupying the top 

 of the series, and dipping with a slight angle to west. On the other or western (southern) side of 

 the pass, the conglomerates and sandstones all continue for about 2^ miles highly inclined, and 

 dipping towards east by north|; they rest at about the third mile from the pass on black slates, 

 which soon pass into dark grey and greenish metamorphic schist, sometimes with small garnets. 



Jcrakihedi. Yangi. Ydrkand ri-vir. 



6 52 1 



i, Conglomerate; 2, Sandstone; 3, Shales; 4, Black slates; 5, Metamorphic rocks, dark-coloured, with quartzite; 6, Fine-grained gneiss,; 1, Unstratified 

 granitoid) porphyritic gneiss. 



Section across the Yangi Pass, north, of YMcand River. 



The metamorphic series is often traversed by veins of a solid greenstone-like rock, and 

 towards the Yarkand valley there is a considerable thickness of a white quartzitic schist, 



1 Evidently, from the description, a granitoid rock. 



