Changes in Property Conditions. 95 



made part of the large political machine and changed 

 from economic and social to modern political muni- 

 cipalities. The ownership conditions, however, were 

 not simplified, but as before, remained extremely 

 varied. 



Of the Mark forest but a very small portion remains 

 to-day. The majority of it had been finally divided 

 among the Marker in the first decade of the century, 

 and the few remaining parts became independent of 

 the political organization and now exist merely in 

 the form of appurtenances to certain farm property 

 known as Genossenwald (association forests). In 

 addition to the variety of communal ownerships ex- 

 isting in the preceding period, some new communal 

 properties originated from the granting of land in 

 the settlement and dissolution of servitudes, whereby 

 an undivided property {Inter essentenwald) in which 

 sometimes even the state retains an interest, came 

 into existence. 



The municipal property of the cities had become 

 either the property of the entire community or of 

 that part which constituted the real citizenship, or 

 at least of a certain class of citizens of the munici- 

 pality. 



The incumbrances which had grown up with regard 

 to forest property under the name of servitudes and 

 which so much retarded the development of better 

 forest management continued into this period, and 

 although through the influences of the French revo- 

 lution a desire had been stimulated to get rid of all 

 curtailments of property, some have persisted to 

 this day. Indeed, for a time an increase of these 



