98 Germany. 



of the century in which they were born, but r 

 being placed in authoritative positions, found better 

 opportunities for putting their teachings into 

 practice. 



The first two mentioned were older than the rest, 

 and are usually described as the "fathers of modern 

 forestry." Born about a year apart, both educated 

 at universities, they excelled in both scientific and 

 practical directions. 



Georg Ludwig Hartig (1764-1837), studied at the 

 University of Giessen and, after having served in 

 various functions in various parts of Southern Ger- 

 many, became, in 1811, head of the Prussian forest 

 administration. He was equally eminent as a practi- 

 cal man and organizer, as a writer, and as a teacher. 

 In literary direction his work lay not so much in 

 developing new ideas as in formulating clearly the 

 known ones, as evidenced in his celebrated "General 

 Rules" in silviculture. 



Not less than thirty separate publications attest 

 his assiduity. Among them stands pre-eminent 

 " Anweisung zur Holzzucht filr Foerster" (1791; 8th 

 edition, 1818). As a teacher he began his work by 

 establishing a masterschool (1789-1791) at Hungen, 

 transferred to Stuttgart in 1807; and afterwards, as 

 head of the Prussian forest administration, he lec- 

 tured at the University of Berlin, continuing his 

 lectures there, even after the forestry school at Ebers- 

 walde had been established, until his death. 



He may be considered as having established on a 

 firm basis the forest administration of Prussia; and 

 many of the things he instituted still prevail. In 



