140 Germany. 



for the state a management for the highest interest 

 on the soil capital involved, he later rejected such 

 money management. About the same time Hundes- 

 hagen clearly pointed out the propriety and proper 

 method of basing the rotation on profit calculations, 

 but it was reserved for a man not a forester to stir 

 up the modern strife for the proper financial basis, 

 namely Pressler, a professor of mathematics at 

 Tharandt, who became a sharp critic of existing forest 

 management, and developed to the extreme the net 

 yield theories. 



It was then that the danger of a shortening of the 

 existing rotations, due to the apparent truth that 

 long rotations were unprofitable, called for a division 

 into the two camps alluded to; G. Heyer, Judeich and 

 Lehr, elaborated especially the mathematical methods 

 of the soil rent theory, Krafft and Wagener came to the 

 assistance of Pressler, while Burkhardt, Bose, Baur, 

 Borggreve, Dankelmann, Fischbach and others, pleaded 

 for a different policy for the state at least, namely, 

 the forest rent with the established rotations. 



As in the previous period, the mathematical sub- 

 jects, namely, forest measurement and forest valua- 

 tion, were more systematically developed than the 

 natural history basis of forestry practice; the slower 

 progress of the latter being caused by the greater 

 difficulties of studying natural history and of utilizing 

 direct observation. 



In botanical direction, descriptive forest botany was 

 first developed, and several good books were published 

 by Walther, Borkhausen, Bechstein, Ream, the latter 



