156 Austria. 



Danube lands or Austria proper, with the Vienna 

 forest and the forests connected with the saltworks 

 in Upper Austria and Styria, under some management 

 since the 12th and 16th centuries respectively; the 

 Alp territory, including Tyrol and Salzburg, parts of 

 Styria, Karinthia and Krain, much devastated long 

 ago, and offering all the problems of the reboisement 

 work of France; the Coast lands along the Adriatic 

 with Dalmatia, Istria and Trieste, which, from ancient 

 times under Venetian rule, bring with them the in- 

 heritance of a mismanaged limestone country, creating 

 the problems of the "Karst" reforestation which has 

 baffled the economist and forester until the present 

 time; the two new provinces east of this region, 

 Bosnia and Herzegovina, whose rich forest areas have 

 only lately begun to be treated under modern con- 

 servative ideas; and finally Hungary with a great 

 variety of conditions in itself. 



The large forest per cent, (a little over 24,000,000 

 acres or over 32% of the land area) is due to the 

 mountainous character of the country, the Alps occu- 

 pying a large area on the west and southwest, the 

 Carpathians stretching for 600 miles on the northeast, 

 various mountain ranges encircling Bohemia, the 

 Sudetes forming part of the northern frontier, and 

 the Wiener Wald and other lower ranges being dis- 

 tributed over the empire and bounding the fertile 

 valleys of the Danube and its tributaries. At least 

 20 per cent, is unproductive. 



The climate in the northern portion of Austria 

 is similar to that of southern Germany; in the south- 

 ern portions to that of Italy, while Hungary par- 



