166 Austria. 



subventions from the State. The contributions of the 

 State have averaged from 40 to 60%, of the provinces 

 20 to 50%, the interested parties having contributed 

 30% of the round five million dollars expended on this 

 work by 1901. In 1910, the contribution to the 

 melioration fund by the State had grown to 1.6 million 

 dollars. At the same time, for the regulation of the 

 lower rivers an appropriation of $1,350,000 was made, 

 of which $400,000 was to be used for reforestation work. 



This work as well as the reforestation of the Karst 

 (see p. 173) under the laws of 1881, 1883, 1885, is 

 carried on by the forest protective service. 



On the whole, the forest policy of Austria tends 

 toward harmony with forest owners and liberation 

 of private property. By reduction of railroad freights, 

 which are under government management, by aboli- 

 tion of export duties, by reasonable tax assessments, 

 etc., the wood export trade (now exceeding 30 million 

 dollars) is favored; by the extinction of rights of user 

 under liberal laws improvement in forest management 

 is made possible, the Emperor setting a good example 

 by having renounced, in 1858, his superior right to 

 forest reservations in the Alp districts. 



The best exemplification of the spirit of the Austrian 

 forest policy and of the methods of forest organization 

 and administration is to be found in the administra- 

 tion of the provinces of Bosnia and Herzegovina de- 

 scribed in a volume published in 1905 by the veteran 

 Austrian forester, Ludwig Dimitz.* 



*Die forstlichen Verhaltnisse und Einrichtungen Bosniens und der Herze- 

 govina, Ludwig Dimitz, Vienna, 1905, pp. 389. See Forestry Quarterly, Vol. Ill, 

 p. 113. 



