Progress of Forest Organization. Ill 



munal property), mostly regulated by a combined 

 area and volume method. 



In Styria, in the forests attached to mines, we find 

 already in 1795 quite a remarkable effort in the matter 

 of working plans. Such a plan by an unknown author 

 deals with volume tables and sample area methods 

 for determining the stock. But the fine plan was 

 stowed away in a cupboard, and when, in 1830, forest 

 counselor Wnnderbaldinger proposed to apply a 

 similar plan he had to wait seven years before per- 

 mission for a trial was granted. He continued, how- 

 ever, the organization of these forests until 1848, 

 using Hundeshagen's "use per cent." in the selection 

 forest, and volume allotment for the woods managed 

 under clearing system. 



In lower Austria, the Vienna state forest of 70,000 

 acres had for a long time received attention ; the first 

 thorough forest survey and yield calculation being 

 made in 1718-20, revised in 1782-86, and regulated 

 for the shelterwood system in 1820. Within the last 

 50 years, the method has been changed again and 

 again, until in 1882 the present Austrian method 

 based on normal stock principles was applied. Since 

 in this province 50% of the forest area is small peasant 

 property and communal forest, which are usually 

 managed without systematic plans, the 33% under 

 working plans represents more than half of the area 

 capable of such management. 



In upper Austria, where the salt works are situated, 

 the attempts at regulated management in connection 

 with these date back to the middle of the 16th 

 century, and, after various changes, these forest areas 



