220 France. 



3. Development oj Modern Forest Policy. 



In 1822, a commission composed of foresters was 

 instituted to revise the ordinance of 1669, which, here 

 and there modified, had continued to be valid, except 

 during the revolutionary period. The result of the 

 work of this commission was the Code Forestier (1829) 

 which is the law of the present day. In it, principles 

 are laid down under which the state, communal and 

 other public forests are to be managed. 



All forests submitted to the regime forestier, namely, 

 the state and communal forests and those belonging 

 to public institutions, are entirely managed by the 

 state forest administration, the communities or 

 other public forest owners paying for the service not 

 to exceed 9 cents per acre, or 5 per cent, of the revenue. 

 All jurisdiction and execution of forestry laws is in 

 the hands of the officials of the Forest Administra- 

 tion. The foresters of the state have the exclusive 

 responsibility of making and executing working plans, 

 without interference by the municipalities after the 

 plans have once been submitted and approved by 

 them. The corporations have not even the right to 

 appoint their own guards, all such being appointed 

 by the prefects of the departments upon recommend- 

 ation by the forest department. 



The fellings, usually performed by the purchaser, 

 (the wood being sold on the stump), are supervised 

 most rigorously, making even the smallest deviations 

 from the conditions of the contract sale, which other- 

 wise would only entail the payment of damage, punish- 

 able by fine; and the responsibility for any trespass 



