244 France. 



to government employment; indeed, the first paid 

 position as garde general stagiaire is attained after two 

 years study and before leaving school. 



For several years, (1867 to 1884) English students 

 preparing for the Indian service received their in- 

 struction here, and 380 foreigners have received their 

 education in this school since its foundation. 



For the education of the lower grades, an imperial 

 rescript ordered the establishment of several schools, 

 which were, however, never organized. In 1863, were 

 proposed, and in 1868, opened, four schools, where 

 efficient forest guards were to secure some knowledge 

 that would assist them to advancement; three of these 

 schools persisted until 1883. In 1873, an additional 

 school for silviculture for the education of under- 

 foresters was organized at Barres-Vilmorin, where 

 annually a limited number of students are per- 

 mitted to enter. This institution has persisted to 

 date. 



The French forestry literature has never been pro- 

 lific, and to this day occupies still a limited amount 

 of shelf room. The first book on record is a transla- 

 tion of the well known volume of the ItaLian, Peter de 

 Crescentiis, translated at the instance of Charles V 

 in 1373. In the 16th century we have reference to 

 an encyclopaedic volume, probably similar to the 

 German Hausvater, by Oliver de Serres, Theatre 

 d 1 Agriculture et Mesnage des Champs, in which a 

 chapter is devoted to the forests. During the 18th 

 century, just as in Germany the cameralists, we have 

 in France a number of high class writings, not by 



