Literature and Education. 305 



This journal is really the continuation of an earlier 

 magazine, Tidskrift for Skogshushallning, a quarterly, 

 begun in 1869 and running until 1903. A forestry 

 association for Norrland alone which also issues a 

 yearbook, was organized a few years ago. A peri- 

 odical for rangers, etc., is also in existence under the 

 name of Skogsvdnnen. 



In 1902 also, there was formed a lumberman's trust 

 to regulate the output, which the forest owners pro- 

 posed to meet by an associated effort to raise stumpage 

 charges. The attempt of the lumbermen to restrict 

 the cut in 1902 was, however, a failure, for the export 

 of that year was 10% larger than the previous year. 



It is expected that the new law will have the ten- 

 dency of decreasing the cut and of inaugurating a new 

 era in forestry matters generally. 



NORWAY. 



Originally divided up among a number of petty 

 kings, Norway was brought under one rule by Harold 

 in 863; and united to Denmark in the 11th century, 

 becoming gradually a mere dependency. Its later 

 political fortunes and changing relations with Den- 

 mark and Sweden have been referred to on p. 286. 

 The history of the forestry development, however, 

 has proceded more or less independently of the other 

 two countries. 



Norway, occupying with 124,445 square mile s over 

 one-third of the Scandinavian peninsula, is for the 

 most part a mountainous plateau with deep valleys 

 and lakes. Its numerous fjords and water ways make 



