434 Canada. 



service reports that 60% of the regeneration is of 

 the inferior balsam fir. 



In Ontario, a very competent Commission was 

 created in 1897, with a noted lumberman, Mr. Bert- 

 ram as president, to formulate methods of reform; 

 but the able report remained barren of results. 



The Dominion has been active in encouraging tree- 

 planting in the prairies. The Agricultural Experi- 

 ment Station at Ottawa not only set out object lessons 

 by planting some 20 acres of sample plots, but for a 

 number of years distributed plant material to settlers, 

 This work was later taken over by the Forestry Branch 

 and increased to a larger scale, some 85 acres being in 

 nursery, and the distribution having grown to 15,- 

 000,000 seedlings in 1910. 



Ontario, under the direction of its Department of 

 Agriculture and in co-operation with the Agricultural 

 College at Guelph, has lately embarked in two move- 

 ments of amelioration, namely, establishing a State 

 nursery from which plant material at cost, with 

 advice as to its use, is given to farmers, and pur- 

 chasing and reforesting waste lands in the agricultural 

 section. 



Tariff legislation is another means which is in the 

 hands of the Dominion government to be used for 

 encouraging forest conservancy. It has, however, so 

 far not been used directly for such purpose, fiscal and 

 commercial policies being uppermost. But the prov- 

 inces have in this respect helped themselves by en- 

 couraging manufacture rather than export of raw ma- 

 terials, Ontario leading in this matter by prohibiting 

 export of unmanufactured logs from Crownlands in 



