22 ABIES, OR 



probably the loftiest peak in the world ; but in the innermost 

 valleys the limits are from 8500 to 10,500 feet of elevation. 

 In Nepal it is called " Changathasi-Dhoop," a name implying 

 that it is employed for incense. 



The Gorkhalees, in Nepal, call this tree " Thingia " (Yew), 

 or " Thingoori-Sulla " (fragrant Yew), and the Bhotiyas, " Se- 

 madoong," which has a similar meaning; but, according to 

 Professor Don, it is better known under the name of " Silloo- 

 Haterhee " (fragrant Fir), and found plentiful on the mountains 

 of Gosainthan, in Nepal, where its bark is much used for the 

 covering of sheds and out-houses. 



It is by far the handsomest of all the Indian Firs in a native 

 state ; but its timber is of a very inferior quality, and soon 

 perishes if fully exposed to the weather. 



It is hardy, but suffers greatly from the late spring frosts. 



No. 15. Abies Canadensis, Michaux, the Hemlock Spruce. 



Syn. Pinus Canadensis, Willcl. 

 ,, Americana, Du Rol. 



,, Abies Americana, Marsh. 



Picea Canadensis, Link. 

 Tsuga Canadensis, Carriere. 



Leaves solitary, flat, and irregularly disposed in two rows, 

 from half to three-quarters of an inch long, downy when 

 young, rough at the margins, blunt-pointed, bright, vivid, light 

 green on the upper surface, and with two silvery stripes under- 

 neath on each side of the mid rib. Branches numerous, slender 

 and downy when young, spreading, and rather flat. Cones 

 pendulous on the extremities of the branches, from five-eighths 

 to seven-eighths of an inch long, and three-eighths of an inch 

 broad, of an oval shape, green when young, but brown when 

 ripe. Scales roundish, smooth, entire on the margins, and few 

 in number. Seeds small, light brown, with wings a quarter of 

 an inch long, and nearly white. Bark smooth and light- 

 coloured. 



A bushy-headed tree, growing in its native country from 60 



