SPRUCE FIRS. 29 



No. 18. Abies Mertensiana, Lindley, the Californian Hemlock 



Spruce. 



Syn. Abies heterophylla, Rafinesque. 



taxifolia, Jeffrey. 



Canadensis taxifolia, Gordon. 

 Albertiana, Murray. 

 Bridgesii, Kellog. 

 Pinus heterophylla, Endlicher. 

 ., Mertensiana, Bongard. 



Picea Mertensiana, French Gardens. 

 Tsuga Mertensiana, Carriere. 

 Leaves solitary, linear, somewhat in two rows, flat, and chan- 

 nelled on the upper side, tapering to the base, with a very 

 short foot-stalk, and somewhat obtuse at the point, from one 

 half to three-quarters of an inch long, and rather more than 

 half a line broad in the larger ones, but very unequal in size, 

 some being very long, while others are very short, and inter- 

 mixed on the same shoot, of a very pale green colour, slightly 

 glaucous below, and thickly placed on the branchlets. Branches 

 very numerous, slender, and more or less bent downwards at 

 the ends. Branchlets very slender, flexible, long, drooping 

 and rather downy when young, but much tuberculated when 

 old from the falling leaves. Cones solitary, ovate, blunt at the 

 ends, three-quarters of an inch long, without any foot-stalks, 

 and pendulous at the ends of the shoots. Scales entire, kid- 

 ney-shaped, smooth, few in number, and very persistent. Seeds 

 very small, light brown, and furnished with ovate wings, 

 half an inch long. 



A handsome, bushy, round-headed tree, growing from 100 to 

 150 feet high, and from four to six feet in diameter, with a 

 straight, round stem, tapering upwards, with rather a thin and 

 smoothish bark. 



A large tree, found abundantly in California and the Oregon 

 Territory, with a thin, dark-coloured bark, much divided by 

 small longitudinal fissures on the stems of old trees, but some- 



