174 HYMENOPTERA CHAP. 



Many of the Ponerides have elongate mandibles, but they are 

 inserted at the sides of the front of the head, not in the middle 

 of the front. These organs in some species of Odontomachi 

 serve as levers, by aid of which the Insect can execute considerable 

 leaps. In only a few species are the males known ; Mayr and 

 Forel state that they are destitute of the peculiar mandibles 

 characteristic of the worker. 



The unique European representative of the Odontomachi, 

 Anochetus ghiliani, occurs in Andalusia. Near Tangier Mr. 

 George Lewis found it to be not uncommon ; but the sexes are 



not known, and it even appears doubt- 

 ful whether there exists any well- 

 marked division between workers and 

 female. Lewis observed, among the 

 ordinary forms, individuals with longer 

 bodies, usually one in a nest, and he 

 supposed these to be females ; Saun- 

 ders, on examining these examples, 

 found them to possess distinct ocelli, 

 and therefore agreed with Lewis as to 

 their being the female sex. Dr. Emery 



subsequently examined these same 



FIG. 77. Anochetus qhiliani, j i i i 



worker. Tangier specimens, and took what is scarcely 



a different view, viz. that they are not 



females but an intermediate form ; and he also expressed the 

 opinion that " the true female may not exist." The male of 

 Anochetus is not known. The female of A. mayri, a Neotropical 

 species, has rudimentary wings. 



Sub-fam. 5. Dorylides. Clypeus extremely small, the antennae 

 inserted very near the front margin of the head. Hind 

 usually elongate and sul cylindrical, with an imperfect 

 farmed l>y the constriction of the back of the first 

 segment, but occasionally' there are two nodes in the workers. 

 Distinctions between the two sexes, and between the worlri-x 

 and sexcd forms, enormous, the queens truly wingless. The 

 females and workers usually blind, or at any rate destitute of 

 facetted eyes. (In Ecitonini the antennae are not inserted 

 t/tntc at the front if the head, and there are two nodes in the 

 pedicel.} 



