1 90 COLEOPTERA CHAP. 



with tolerable certainty the vast majority of species that he 

 would subsequently meet with. 



Series 1. Lamellicornia. Antennae with the terminal joints leaf-like (or 

 broader than the others, if not actually leaf-like), and capable of 

 separation and of accurate apposition. Tarsi five-jointed. 



Series 2. Adephaga (Caraboidea of some authors). Antennae never lamelli- 

 form, thin at the end ; all the tarsi five-jointed, with the fourth 

 joint quite distinct. Maxillae highly developed, with the outer 

 lobe slender and divided into two segments so as to be palpiform. 

 Abdomen with six (or more) ventral segments visible. 



Series 3. Polymorplia. Antennae frequently with either a club, i.e. the 

 distal joints broader [Clavicorn series of authors], or the joints from 

 the third onwards more or less saw-like, the serrations being on the 

 inner face [Serricorn series of authors]; but these and all the other 

 characters, including the number of joints in the feet, very variable. 



Series 4. Heteromera. Front and middle tarsi five-jointed, hind tarsi four- 

 jointed. Other characters very variable. 



Series 5. Phytophaga. Tarsi four-jointed [apparently], but with a small addi- 

 tional joint at the base of the fourth joint : sole usually densely 

 pubescent [sometimes the feet are bare beneath or bristly, and 

 occasionally the small joint at the base of the fourth joint is more 

 distinct]. 



Series 6. Rhynchophora. Head prolonged in front to form a beak ; gula 

 indistinguishable. [Palpi usually not evident.] Tarsi four-jointed 

 [apparently], but with a A'ery minute additional joint at the 

 extreme base of the fourth joint. 

 Strepsiptera (see p. 298). 



The first and second series, with much of the third, form the 

 Pentamera, the fifth and sixth the Tetramera [or Pseudotetra- 

 mera 1 ], The term Isomera was applied by Leconte and Horn 

 to a combination of series 1, 2, 3, and 5. 



Series I. Lamellicornia. 



Tarsi Jive-jointed ; antennae with the terminal joints (usually th rce, 

 sometimes more), broader on one side, so as to form a 'peculiar 

 club, the leaves of which are movable, and in repose are 

 more or less perfectly coadapted so as to have the appearance 

 of being but one piece. 



This series includes three families, Passaliclae, Lucanidae, and 

 Scarabaeidae ; the latter includes an enormous majority of the 

 species, and in them the structure of the antennae characteristic 

 of the series is well developed ; but in the other two families 



1 We consider this term inferior to Tetramera for nomenclatorial purposes. 



