AMERICAN ASH-TREE. 
399 
OnUke those of any of the preceding sorts; being flat, oval, and often almost a* 
broad as they are long. This tree is a native from Pennsylvania to Georeia 
abounding chiefly on the river of Cape Fear, in North Carolina, and upon Ishlev 
and Cooper Rivers, in South Carolina. From its inferior dimensions this vari- 
ety is not much used in the arts; although it possesses properties of eminent util- 
ity. It was introduced into Britain in 1783, and is cultivated in many parts of 
Europe, solely as an ornamental tree. 
11. F. a. epiptera. Wing-top ped-seeded American Ash; Fraxinus epiptera 
of Don, Loudon, and others. This variety may be distinguished by its lanceo- 
late-elliptic leaflets, which are subserrated, opaque, and downy beneath, on the 
veins. The samarae are cuneated, obtuse, and emarginate at the apex, and terete 
at the base. The young branches are green, and covered with white dots; the 
bark chinky; the buds brown; and the flowers calyculate, which put forth in 
May. A tree thirty feet high, native of North America, from Canada to Carolina. 
and was introduced into Britain in 1823. 
12. F. a. platycarpa. Broad-fruited American Ash; Fraxinus platycarpa, of 
Don, Loudon, and others. The leaflets of this variety are almost sessile, very 
distinctly serrated, elliptic-lanceolate, two inches long, and one inch broad; hav- 
ing the larger veins villous beneath. The samara are elliptic-lanceolate, two 
inches long, and acute at both ends. A tree from thirty to fifty feet high; native 
of Virginia and Carolina; introduced into Britain in 1724; and flowers in .May. 
It is very easily known from all other American varieties, by the leaves dying 
off, in autumn, of a fine purple. 
13. F. a. expansa. Expanded American Ash; Fraxinus expansa, of Don, 
Loudon, and others. The leaflets of this variety occur in five pairs, three inches 
long, ovate-oblong, unequally serrated, acuminated, glabrous, but not shining, and 
petiolate. The branches are glabrous, smooth, and green, when young, with the 
buds brown. A tree from thirty to fifty feet in height; native of North America : 
introduced into Britain in 1824, and flowers in May. 
14. F. a. pulverulenta. Powdery-petioled American Ash ; Fraxinus pulceru- 
lenta, of Don, Loudon, and others. 
15. F. a. rubicunda. Reddish-veined American Ash ; Fraxinus rubicunda, of 
Don, Loudon, and others. 
16. F. a. longifolia. Long-leaved American Ash; Fraxinus longifolia, of 
Don, Loudon, and others. 
17. F. a. viridis. Green-branched American Ash; Fraxinus riridis, of Don, 
Loudon, and others (but not F. viridis of Michaux.) 
18. F. a. cinera. Gray -budded American Ash; fraxinus cinera, of Don, Leu- 
don, and others. 
19. F. a. nigra. Black-branched American Ash; Fraxinus nigra, of Don 
Loudon, and others. 
20. F. a. fusca. Brown-branched American Ash; Fraxinus fusca, of Don 
Loudon, and others. 
21. F. a. rufa. Rufous-haired-lcajleted American Ash; Fraxinus Tufa, of 
Don, Loudon, and others. 
22. F. a. pannosa. Cloth-like-leaved American Ash : Fraxinus pannosa, ol 
Don, Loudon, and others. A tree with fulvous buds, native of Carolina, intro- 
duced into Britain in 1820. 
23. F. a. triptera. Three-winged-fruited American ish; Fraxinus triptera 
of Nuttal, a native of the oak forests of South Carolina. 
Geography and History. The Fraxinus americana is a native oi N< 
America from Labrador to Carolina; is particularly abundant in Canada b 
New Brunswick; and, as a cold climate is more congenial to its growth th 
a varm one. it is found in greater numbers north of tin- river Hudson i 1 
