WHITE-FRUITED MULBERRY-TREE. | J." 
12. M. a. constantinopolitana. Constantinople White-fruited Mulberry Mo- 
ms constantinopolitana, of Loudon and others; Murier de < onstantinople, of the 
French. This is a low-branching tree, seldom exceeding a height of ten or iil- 
teen feet; a native of Greece, Turkey, and the Crete, and has long been culti- 
vated in the Jardin des Plantes, at Paris, but which was not introduced into 
Britain before 1818. This variety or race, may readily be recognized by its 
rough, furrowed, stunted trunk; its thick and short branches; its leaves, which 
are always entire; and its solitary, and very white fruit. 
13. M. a. multicaulis, Loudon. Many-stalked Black-fruited White Mulberry; 
Murier multicaule, Murier a tiges nombreuses, Murier Perrottet, M irier des Phi- 
lippines, of the French; Yielstieliger Maulbeerbaum, of the Germans; Morodellt 
Filippine, of the Italians; Morus multicaulis, Many-stalked Mtdberry, Chinese 
Black Mulberry, Perrotiet Mulberry, of the British and Anglo-Americans. This 
variety, or race, is a small, many stemmed-tree, or rather gigantic shrub, of rapid 
growth, with vigorous shoots, and large, pendulous leaves, which, even in | r. 
dry soils, are often six inches long, and eight or nine inches broad; and which, 
in rich, humid soils, are often a foot in length, and fifteen or sixteen inches in 
breadth. They are convex on the upper surface, cordate-rounded, being oeithei 
oblique nor lobed, crenate, acute, somewhat rough, when very large, but thin. 
and generally of a beautiful glossy-green. Its fruit is long, black, and of a Savour 
somewhat resembling that of the common black mulberry (Morus nigra.) Tins 
variety of mulberry differs from all the others in throwing up suckers freely from 
the crown of the roots, growing in clusters or bushes, like the lilac, the hazel, the 
berberry, &c. ; hence the name multicaulis (many-stalked.) It also strikes root 
more readily by cuttings, either of the young or old wood, than any other vari- 
ety. It was introduced into France in 1821, by M. Perrottet, (agricultural bota- 
nist and traveller of the marine and colonies of the French,) from Manilla, the 
capital of the Philippine Islands; into which country it had been brought some 
years before from China, as an ornamental tree. It was introduced into the 
United States by the late M. Andre Parmentier, of Brooklyn, Long Island, pre- 
vious to 1828, when, in June of that year, it was brought into public notice by 
the American Institute, at New York, at the suggestion of the late Dr. Felix Pas 
calis. It has since been extensively propagated in France and Italy, where it i- 
still considered one of the best varieties for cultivation, as food lor the silkworm : 
but in America, we regret to say, after all the eulogium and attention it has 
received, it is generally regarded as illy adapted to the production of silk, and 
the "Brousa," the "Chinese," and the "Alpine" varieties, are taking its place. 
It still has its advocates, however, among whom is Mr. Gideon B. Smith, oi Bal- 
timore, who took special pains to bring this plant into public favour, through the 
columns of the "American Farmer," in 1832, and who doubtless possesses more 
practical knowledge of its nature and application than any other on.' in the coun- 
try. He states that, "The Morus multicaulis is perfectly hardy, when grown on 
its own peculiar and natural soil, which is light, dry. and not over neh. On 
low, rich soils, the growth of the plants is protracted to so late a season, that thej 
do not ripen their wood, and of course they are killed to the ground m winter. 
I have uniformly grown them on high, dry, rather sandy soil, and never lost a 
branch or a bud; while others, who planted them on low. alluvial, rich soils 
have lost them every winter." " I estimate the comparative vain.' ol the Morus 
multicaulis, and the best white or Italian variety, as one to two; that is. I con- 
sider the Morus multicaulis worth one hundred per cent, more than the wniti 
Italian. It saves nine-tenths of the labour in gathering the loaves, on account 
their being at least ten times the. size of those ol the white. One pound ol Morua 
multicaulis leaves contains one third more nutritive matter than a poun the 
best white mulberry leaves; the reason of tins hem- there is very little w Ij 
