478 ulmus. 
are varieties ; or even to what species the varieties belong. Mr. Loudon was of 
an opinion that there are only two kinds truly distinct ; namely, Ulmus campes- 
tris, and montana. The Ulmus americana he would consider as allied to U. 
campestris, from an assertion made by Mr. Masters, of Canterbury, in England, 
who has paid great attention to this genus, and has raised many sorts, both from 
American and European seeds. He assured him that the American species is 
identical, or apparently so, with what is called the "Huntingdon Elm," (U. 
montana vegeta, of Lindley,) a variety raised at Huntingdon, from seeds gath- 
ered from trees in that neighbourhood, about a century ago. To us, it appears 
more probable that the Ulmus montana belongs to U. campestris, and that Ulmus 
americana, and most, if not all, other American elms, form a distinct species; 
their variations being caused by the difference of soil and climate, or by hybrid- 
ation. Therefore, for the sake of brevity, and convenience of classification, as 
in the genera tilia, fraxinus, &c, we have brought the elms all under two heads; 
namely, Ulmus campestris, and americana, and have considered the kinds, which 
are usually treated as species by botanists, only as varieties. Those, however, 
who differ from us in opinion, will find no difficulty in recognizing among our 
synonymes, the names as given by Willdenow, Michaux, Loudon, and others, 
and will be enabled t: know under what heads they are described in the works 
cf these authors. 
