WOOD-USING INDUSTRIES 



61 



Spruce, pine, balsam fir, and hemlock are used chiefly for boxes of farm 

 vehicles, carriages, and sleds. 



Second-growth white ash is very popular. It is used anywhere where 

 elasticity and toughness are required. It is preferred for light vehicles, where 

 it is valued for poles, boxing, runners, and spokes. 



White oak, because of its durability, is superior to all the above described 

 species. In most cases, however, its use is somewhat limited on account of its 

 scarcity. It is used chiefly for hubs, spokes, and rims of heavy wagons of superior 

 quality . 



Photo 7387. J. A. DOUCET. ' 

 Ground-wood pulp ready for shipment, Lake Megantic Pulp Co. 



Maple is much valued for its stiffness. It is used for heavy framework, 

 also for gear work, It is sometimes used for hubs. Frames of carriages and 

 sleds absorb the greater part of the maple material reported. 



The use of beech is confined almost entirely to spokes in heavy wagons. 

 This wood is not very durable. 



Basswood, cedar, elm, and tulip are valued in box-work of carriages and 

 sleds. 



Hickory is our best Canadian wood for vehicle manufacture. It is used 

 for runners, spokes, whippletrees, rims, poles, hubs, and framework. It is 

 chiefly in demand for light vehicles. Unfortunately, this wood material is 

 becoming very scarce in Quebec, and the price of the imported material is almost 

 prohibitive. 



Butternut, cherry, mahogany, and walnut are used in vehicles of superior 

 class and finish, and a good deal of the material reported is used for repairs. 



The vehicle industry uses a large quantity of hickory and oak spokes, 

 rims, poles, whippletrees, etc., purchased already prepared from Ontario 

 and the United States. Such material has not been included in the bulletin, 

 which deals only with the manufacture from the raw material. 



