ix MID- AND INTEE-BEAIN 507 



basal ganglia and a lesser extent of the corpora quadrigemina. 

 The phenomena of deficiency observed in this animal cannot be 

 attributed exclusively to the fore -brain, but are partly due to 

 damage of the thalamencephalon and mid-brain as well. To 

 summarise the phenomena observed by Goltz : 



On the third day from the last cerebral ablation, the animal 

 began to walk of itself in the room. Its capacity for locomotion 

 increased rapidly, so that after a month it was able to climb a 

 plane sloping 20 without difficulty. 



After a few months there was marked disturbance of nutrition, 

 with progressive emaciation of the posterior half of the body. By 

 means of careful feeding, however, this progressive emaciation was 

 partially repaired and arrested, though the stability of movement 

 which the animal exhibited a few weeks after the last operation 

 did noi return. 



According to Goltz, the cause of this emaciatiou was to be attri- 

 buted partly to the fact that the animal moved continually within 

 its cage, so that its intervals of rest and sleep were less than in 

 normal dogs; partly also to imperfect thermal regulation, which 

 made it give off more heat than the normal. Otherwise it slept 

 curled up like a normal dog ; it breathed more rapidly when kept 

 in a heated atmosphere, and shivered and trembled in a cold place. 



Digestion was normal; there was no foul smell from the 

 mouth, and the faeces were normal in colour and consistency. The 

 urine never contained sugar or protein after the first few days 

 from the final operation. 



During the eighteen months of observation the animal never 

 evinced any sign of sexual desire. 



After emaciation was arrested the animal moved fairly 

 steadily on uneven ground; but it readily slipped on a smooth 

 floor, though it was capable of recovering itself without aid. It 

 never walked on the dorsa of its feet. If its limbs were placed in 

 an abnormal position, it reacted at once so as to correct this. If 

 it was placed upright on a table and the support suddenly with- 

 drawn from one leg by pulling away a leaf of the table, the leg 

 dropped a little, but was at once drawn up without loss of 

 equilibrium. After hurting one of its hind-legs, it trotted about 

 on the three sound limbs, and spontaneously held up the injured 

 one. These phenomena showed that the muscular and cutaneous 

 senses were not entirely lost after destruction of the hemispheres. 



Although the regulation of the movements was maintained, 

 the animal was never capable of finding the place at which any 

 one had touched it. If, for instance, its left hind-leg was pulled, 

 it turned its head sharply to the point of contact, and tried to 

 snap, but seldom succeeded in reaching the hand. 



The sense of touch was considerably blunted. On blowing 

 through a glass tube between the hairs of the dorsum of the foot or 



