408 Human Physiology. 



vicious indulgences, or revenge in crime. It is, in many cases, 

 the sting of injustice, the desperation of hopeless wrong, that 

 drives men to evil. 



The rights of man are not difficult to define, when we once 

 see that they are based upon his nature. The rights of every 

 organised being are written in its organisation. The tree has 

 a right to space for growth, soil for its roots, air from which to 

 draw its nourishment, and sunshine which is the condition of 

 its life and growth. Animals require space, food, air, exercise, 

 shelter, and the social relations and conditions to which they 

 .are adapted. The zoophite clings to its rock, the oyster lies 

 in its shell, the fish swims freely through the seas or ascends 

 rivers. Buffaloes and wild horses live in herds, with a social 

 organisation suited to their needs. 



Man, it is said, has a right to "life, liberty, and the pursuit 

 of happiness." The right to life includes the right to every- 

 thing necessary for its preservation, its full development or 

 unfolding, its highest enjoyment. Every man born into the 

 world has a birthright to all the goods of life, and the extent of 

 ,his right has no limit but his necessities, his requirements, his 

 -capacity of use and enjoyment, unless some limitation be found 

 in the equal rights of others. 



Earth, air, water, light, heat, all the elements of life are 

 man's equal heritage. The earth is the common property of 

 mankind, created for his use and enjoyment. It belongs to no 

 man, and no one can rightfully occupy it to the injury of others. 

 It is the common property of all and this principle is con- 

 ceded in the poor-rates levied upon the land, in all rates and 

 taxes for the general welfare, in the right of every state to 

 eminent domain or final control over all landed property, in 

 all titles being vested in the crown, in the government taking 

 land wherever needed for highways, fortresses, railroads, canals, 

 .and all public needs. 



" May not a man do what he will with his own?" Assuredly 



