CONTENTS. 15 



VITAL HEAT Continued) PAGE 



perature of Different Parts of the Body, 407 Temperature at Different 

 Ages, 408 Daily Variations in Temperature, 408 Remarkable Instances 

 of High and Low Temperature, 408 Heat Unit, 409 Sources of Vital 

 Heat, 409 Channels Through which Vital Heat is Lost, 410 Calor- 

 imetry, 410 Regulation of Temperature, 413. 



THE SKIN 413 



Corium, 413 Epidermis, 413 Perspiratory Glands, 413 Sebaceous 

 Glands, 416 Cerumen, 417 Hairs and Nails, 417 Functions of the 

 Skin, 418 Care of the Skin, 419. 



THE URINARY APPARATUS 421 



The Kidneys, 421 Ureters, 428 Bladder, 429 -Urethra, 430. 



THE URINE 431 



Quantity, 431 Color, 431 Reaction, 431 Specific Gravity, 432 

 Composition, 432 Inorganic Constituents, 440. 



IRRITABILITY; CONTRACTILITY; ELECTRIC PHENOMENA OF MUSCLE , 442 



rv: NERVOUS FUNCTIONS 400 



General Considerations, 460 Nerves, 461 Nerve-impulses, 465 

 The Nervous System, 468 Spinal Cord, 468 Functions of the Spinal 

 Cord, 477 Reflex Time, 479 Reflexes in Man, 479 Special Centers 

 in the Cord, 481 Functions of Spinal Nerves, 482. 



THE BRAIN 483 



The Medulla Oblongata, 484 The Cerebellum, 491 The Cerebrum, 

 495 Cranial Nerves, 513. 



THE SENSES 527 



General Sensibility, 527 Sense of Touch, 527 Sense of Pressure, 

 529 Muscular Sense, 529 Sense of Temperature, 529 Sense of Pain, 

 530 Sense of Smell, 530 Olfactory Nerves, 531 Olfactory Bulb, 531 

 Olfactory Tract, 533 Functions of the Olfactory Nerves, 533 Sense of 

 Taste, 535 Circumvallate Papillae, 536 Conical Papillae, 537 Fungi- 

 form Papillae, 537 Taste-buds, 537 Conditions of the Sense of Taste, 

 540 Sense of Sight, 541 Coats or Tunics, 541 Sclerotic Coat, 541 

 Cornea, 541 Choroid, 544 Ciliary Processes, 545 Iris, 545 Ciliary 

 Body, 547 Retina, 547 Anterior and Posterior Chambers, 554 

 Vitreous Body, 554 Crystalline Lens, 554 Suspensory Ligament, 

 555 Chemistry of the Eye, 555 Ocular Muscles, 556 Physiology of 

 Vision, 560 Defects in the Visual Apparatus, 570 The Iris, 575 The 

 Retina, 575 Light, 581 Form, 583 Identical Points, 583 Size, 

 583 Distance, 584 Color, 587 Color-blindness or Daltonism, 593 

 Fatigue of Retina, 594 After-images, 594 Visual Judgment, 595 

 Appendages of the Eye, 597 Lacrimal Apparatus, 597 Meibomian 

 Glands, 597 The Sense of Hearing, 598 External Ear, 598 Middle 

 Ear, 600 Membrana Tympani, 600 Tympanic Cavity, 602 Ossicles, 

 602 Eustachian Tubes, 604 Mastoid Anti-urn, 605 Fenestra Ovalis, 

 605 Fenestra Rotunda, 606 Internal Ear, 615 Physiology of Hear- 

 ing. 616 Theories of Hearing, 618 Period, 620 Amplitude. 620 

 Frequency, 620 Noises, 620 Musical Sounds, 620 Intensity, 621 

 Loudness, 621 Pitch, 621 Quality, 621. 



