APE 



INDEX. 



ASP 



sembls a quadruped, and in its hinder parts approaches the nature 

 of fishes, ib. ; the lori of all others the longest, in proportion to 

 size, 413 ; the camel the most temperate of all, 430 ; the ostrich the 

 most voracious, 463 ; of all that use their wings and legs in running, 

 the ostrich is the swiftest, 465 ; none has greater courage than the 

 cock, opposed to one of bis own species, 495 ; the presence of man 

 destroys the society of meaner animals, and their instincts also, 5#0 ; 

 those longest in the womb, are the longest lived, according to Pliny, 

 595 ; none harder to he killed than the shark, 630 ; the snail kind 

 are hermaphrodites, 684 ; of all four-footed, the frog the best swim- 

 mer, 61)7 ; whatever kind, long under the protection of man. lose 

 part of their natural sagacity in providing for themselves, 576 ; that 

 which fills the acorn-shell is iminoveable, 828 ; a most numerous 

 tribe lately discovered, propagated by cuttings ; many entirely 

 without motion ; all seem possessed of one power, of which vegeta- 

 bles are totally deficient ; certain races of animals fall beneath ve- 

 getables, by their more imperfect propagation, 828; some live with- 

 out limbs, and often reproduce them ; some live without brain for 

 many weeks together ; some increase and grow large, though all 

 their nobler organs are entirely destroyed ; some continue to ex- 

 ist though cut in two, their nobler parts preserving lite, while the 

 others perish that were cut away ; the zoophyte tribe, continues to 

 live in separate parts, and one animal, by means of cutting, is divid- 

 ed into two distinct existences, sometimes into a thousand, C31 ; 

 the first discovery of the power of reproduction in animals owing to 

 Mr. Trembley, 831. 



Antelope, tenth variety of gazelles by Mr. Burton ; its descrip- 

 tion ; the Indian antelope, 252, 253. 

 Entities. See jYttrrots, 169. 

 Antiers, their distinct names, 202. 

 Antiparos, its grotto most remarkable, 20. 



Antipathy, many have it to some animals, whose presence they 

 instantly perceive by the smell, 16!* ; n" animals more alike than the 

 cow ;>nd the buffalo, yet none have stronger dislikes to each other, 

 238; dogs and wolves so different in their dispositions, that no animals 

 can have a more perfect antipathy, 31* ; the same subsists bet ween the 

 jackal and the dog, 326 ; of the mafmount to the dog. 354 ; quad- 

 rupeds which have natural antipathy against the Norway rat, 363 ; 

 between the porcupine and serpent so irreconcileable as never to 

 meet without a mortal engagement, 376. 



Antiquity, most naturally looked up to with reverential won- 

 der, 191. 



Anthony, (St.) lived a hundred and five years, 155. 

 Ants, every writer of antiquity describes this insect, as labouring 

 in the summer, and feasting upon the produce during the winter ; 

 in some of the warmer climates this may be so ; but in France and 

 England they are in a state of torpidity during winter ; common 

 ants of Europe ; their description ; fears not to attack a creature 

 ten times its own magnitude ; are divided into males, females, and 

 neutral or working tribe ; in what manner distinguished from each 

 other ; males and females seem no way to partake in the common 

 drudgeries of the state ; males pursue the females with great assi- 

 duity, and force them to Compliance ; remain coupled for some 

 time ; description of the ant-hills in the southern parts of Europe, 

 constructed with wonderful contrivance ; their food and excursions ; 

 their ecrjjs so very small, that upon a black ground they can scarce- 

 ly be discerned ; fond attachment of the working ants to their 

 progeny ; the aurelia state, and efforts to get rid of their skins ; ex- 

 periment of Mr. De Geer to this purpose ; state of the female after 

 she has done laying, not known ; the males then flv away, and are 

 heard of no more ; ants of the tropical climates build a hill with 

 great contrivance and regularity, lay up provisions, and, living the 

 whole year, submit to regulations entirely different from the ants 

 of Europe ; three kinds of African ants ; their hills from six to 

 twelve feet high; amazing number and regularity of their cells ; 

 depredations and adventures; they live under strict regulations a 

 order in which they sally forth ; often quit their dwelling in a body, 

 and go in quest of adventures ; an instance of it given by Smith ; 

 th j ir sting produces extreme pain, 814 to 818 ; drive the hair from 

 its form, 247 ; many animals live upon ants in Africa and 

 America, 441. 



Ant-fattr, or Ant-bear, description and habits, 441 ; their art to 

 catch the ants ; manner of defence against its enemies ; kills the 

 invader, and remains fastened upon him with vindictive desperation. 

 Ant-lion, the, 768. 



Antioch, buried by an earthquake, 32. 

 Aorta, the great artery, 131 



Aprrea, by some the Brazilian rabbit; its description, 359. 

 Apes, have eye-lashes upon the upper and lower lids. 142; the 

 only animal possessed of hands and arms, rJ4s ; in some of the kinds 

 the resemblance to mau so striking, that anatomists are puzzled to 



find in what part of the human body man's superiority consists ; 

 enjoy many advantages in common with men, above the lower 

 tribes of nature, 205 ; the foremost of the kind is the ouran-outang 

 or wild man of the woods, 399 ; description of this animal by Dr. 

 Tyson ; comparative view of this creature with man; another de- 

 scription of it by Mr. Buffon ; two young ones, only a year old, dis- 

 covered an astonishing power of imitation, 399, 400; a kind called 

 baris, properly instructed when young, serve as useful domestics; 

 Le Cornt's account of an ape in the Straits of Molucca, 401 ; the 

 long-armed ape an extraordinary and icmarkable creature, 403 ; its 

 description; a native of the Ki'.st !mln-.<i. and found along all the 

 coasts of Coromandel, 404 ; rling thi-msi'lv* from one rope to 

 another, at thirty, forty, and filly feet distance, 401 ; instances of 

 amazing ninibleness ; in a state of nature they run upon all fours ; 

 certain proof's of it, 4(13 ; in the navies of Solomon, among the ar- 

 ticles imported from the East, arc ;>]>es and peacocks, 4.'7. 



.tfin'tus, noted for having taught mankind to suffocate fish in 

 Carthaginian pickle, 613 ; manner of dressing a hare in true Ro- 

 man taste, 349. 



Apodal, the name of the fish without ventral fins, 647. 

 jfppndfets in the intestines of birds, 452. 



Appetite, Nature, by supplying a variety, has multiplied life in her 

 productions, 471. 



Arabia, its sandy tempests described, 106; men and animals 

 buried in the sands of Arabia, preserved from corruption for several 

 ages, as if actually embalmed, 195 ; the ass originally a native of 

 Arabia, 236. See' Worses, 214 to 227. See Camel, 4:iO. 



Archimedes, discovered the method of determining the purity of 

 gold, by weighing in water, 55. 



Arrhipelago, very good horses in its islands, 219 ; the wild ass 

 found in those islands, particularly in Cerigo, 224. 



Ardebil, the pastures in those plains excellent for rearing 

 horses, 219. 



Arequipa, a celebrated burning mountain in Peru, 29. 

 Argentine, description of this fish, 650. 



Arion, his harp gathered the dolphins to the ship's side, 165. 

 Aristotle's opinion about the formation of the incipient animal, 

 llS ; and mules being sometimes prolific, 223. 



Arlotto, an Italian Franciscan friar ; for his sleeping transgres- 

 sions taken before the Inquisition, and like to be condemned for 

 them, 15rt. 



Armadillo, or Tatou, generally referred to the tribe of insects or 

 snails, 206 ; an inhabitant of South America ; a harmless creature, 

 furnished with a peculiar covering for its defence ; attacked with- 

 out danger, and liable to persecution ; is of different sizes ; in all, 

 however, the animal is partially covered with a coat of mail; a 

 striking curiosity in natural history ; has the same method of pro- 

 tecting itself as the hedgehog or pangolin ; when attacked, rolls it- 

 self Op in its shell like a ball, and continues so till the danger is 

 over ; the Indians take it in this form, lay it close to the fire, and 

 oblige it to unfold ; this animal utterly unknown before the disco- 

 very of America ; does mischief in gardens ; bears the cold of our 

 climate without inconvenience ; the mole does not burrow swifter 

 than the armadillo ; burrows deep in the earth ; expedients used to 

 force them out ; manner of taking them alive ; sometimes in snares 

 by the sides of rivers, and low moist places which they frequent ; 

 never found at a distance from their retreats ; escapes by rolling it- 

 self up, and tumbling down from rock to rock, without danger or 

 inconvenience ; its food ; scarcely any that do not root the ground 

 like a hog ; a kind friendship between them and the rattlesnake ; 

 they are frequently found in the same hole; they all resemble each 

 other, as clothed with a shell, yet differ in size, and in the division 

 of their shell ; the various kinds ; the pig-headed sort, the weasel- 

 headed, the kabassou, and the encoubert, are the largest, 380 to 382. 

 Arno, the river, a considerable piece of ground gained at the 

 mouth of it, 81, 



Aru, numbers of birds of paradise seen there, 523. 

 Arsenius, tutor to the emperor Arcadius, lived an hundred and 

 twenty years, 155. 



Arts, faults that have infected most of our dictionaries and com- 

 pilations of natural history, 2"4 ; teaching the arts of cruelty equi- 

 valent to committing them, 495. 



Asia, aim of the Asiatics to possess many women, and to furnish 

 a seruglio their only ambition, 138 ; lustre of jewels and splendour 

 of brilliant colours eagerly sought after by all conditions of men, 145. 

 Asm Minor, description of its inhabitants, 183. 

 Asiatic, the olive-coloured, claims the hereditary resemblance to 

 our common parent ; an argument to prove the contrary, 185. 

 Asp, a kind of serpent, 73',). 



Aspha -turn, an injection of petreoleum and an application of 

 asphaltum suffice to make a mummy, I'M, 



6 F* 

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