CAT 



multiplied in any considerable degree, as a king of Java made a 

 present of one to the captain of a Dutch ship, as a rarity, 467, 408. 



Catacombs of Egypt, 190. 



Catanrountain hunts for the hare or the rabbit, 207 ; the ocelot of 

 Mr. Buffon ; its description, 304 ; is one of the fiercest, and, for 

 its size, one of the most destructive animals in the world ; no arts 

 can tame or soften their natures, 305. 



Catanea, a city utterly overthrown by an earthquake, 33. 



Cataphractus, or kabassou, is one of the largest kinds of the 

 armadillo, 3*2. 



Cataracts of the Rhine, and of the Nile ; the cataract of the 

 river Velino, in Italy, is above a hundred and fifty feet perpendicu- 

 lar ; a cataract near the city of Gottenburg in Sweden ; other 

 cataracts, 305. 



Cataract of the eye ; Mr. Cheselden having couched a boy of 

 thirteen, who to that time had been blind, and at once having 

 restored him to sight, curiously marked the progress of his mind 

 upon the occasion, 101. 



Caterpillars, their differences from all other insects ; all these 

 animals are hatched from the eggs of butterflies ; during the win- 

 ter, the greatest number of caterpillars are in an egg state ; in the 

 aurelia state, they are seemingly deprived of life and motion ; 

 some do not make any change at the approach of winter, but 

 choose themselves some retreat, and there remain quite motion- 

 less, and as insensible as if actually dead ; caterpillars of this kind 

 are found in great numbers together, enclosed in one common web 

 that covers them all ; there are some of this kind, whose butterflies 

 live all the winter, and where ; a single caterpillar -eats double its 

 own weight of leaves in a day, and seems no way disordered by the 

 meal ; the body of the caterpillar anatomically considered ; avidi- 

 ty with which they feed ; number of their stigmata, or those holes 

 through which the animal is supposed to breathe ; it has eighteen 

 lungs : the experiment of Malpighi to ascertain their use ; all ca- 

 terpillars spin at one time or another ; many of them change their 

 skins five or six times in a season ; and in what manner ; change 

 into an aurelia ; their retreats in that state, 782 to 789; there are 

 thousands of fishes, birds, and insects, that live chiefly upon cater- 

 pillurs; a single sparrow and its mate, that have young ones, de- 

 stroy above three thousand caterpillars in a week ; some of the 

 kind, fitted only to live upon leaves and plants, will eat each other, 

 in preference to their vegetable food; the bodies of the larger kinds 

 serve as a nest to various flies, that very carefully deposit their 

 eggs in them ; number of worms remain within the body of the ca- 

 terpillar, devouring its entrails without destroying its life ; the 

 ichneumon tribe is not the caterpillar's offspring, as supposed, but 

 iis murderers, 794, 795. 



Cat-Jin/:, its description, 048. 



Cats, the wild hunt for the squirrel or the mouse, 207 ; lead a 

 solitary ravenous life ; the whole tribe seek their food alone, and 

 never unite for mutual support ; and, except at certain seasons, are 

 enemies to each other ; all of the cat kind devour nothing but flesh ; 

 and starve upon any other provision ; a.ro fierce, rapacious, subtle, 

 and cruel ; their greatest force lies in their claws ; the cat goes with 

 young fifty-six days, and seldom brings forth above five or six at a 

 lime; the male often devor.rs the kittens; before they are a year 

 old they are fit to engender ; the female seeks the male with cries ; 

 nor is their copulation performed without great pain, and why ; 

 when young are very playful and amusing ; cits hunt the serpents 

 in the Isle of Cyprus; any animal weaker than themselves, is to 

 them an indiscriminate object of destruction ; the mouse is their 

 favourite game, and they patiently watch a whole day until the mouse 

 appears; a flagrant mark by which the cat discovers its natural 

 malignity ; their eyes see better in darkness than in light, and 

 why ; if the inhabitant quits the house, the cat still remains ; is 

 particularly fearful of water, of cold, and of ill smells ; is excessive- 

 ly fond of some plants, such as varelian, marum, and cat-mint ; par- 

 ticularly loves fish ; its sleep is very light ; its hair sends forth 

 shining sparks, if rubbed in the dark ; the wild breed with the 

 t line ; description of the wild cat ; inhabits the most mountainous 

 and woody parts ; lives mostly in trees, and feeds only by night ; 

 the cat was much higher in esteem among our ancestors than it is 

 at present; laws of Howcl, concerning the price of cats; cats 

 were not naturally bred in our forests ; of all quadrupeds, the wild- 

 cat is, perhaps, that whose intestines are proportionably the 

 smallest and the shortest, and why ; common to the new continent 

 as well as the old ; the blue-cat, the lion-cat, or more properly, the 

 cat of Angora ; the cats in Syria and Persia remarkable for their 

 long soft hair, 288 to 292 ; all the cat kind are kept off by the fires, 

 which the inhabitants light to preserve their flocks and herds ; and 

 they hunt rather by the sight than the smell ; it happens that the 

 Hon pursues the jackal, or the wild dog, while they are hunting 



OH A 



11 



E 



upon the scent and merely lor themsrlvcs ; tlio lion is then an un- 

 welcome intruder upon the fruits of their toil; from thence, proba- 

 bly, has arisen the story of the lion's provider, 294 ; the lion de- 

 vours a great deal at a time, and generally fills himself for two or 

 three days to come ; in the deserts and forests, his most usual prey 

 are the gazelles ;iml the monkeys, 21*5 ; the race of cats noxious in 

 proportion to their power to do mischief; inhabit the most torrid 

 latitudes of India, Africa, and America, and have never been able 

 to multiply beyond the torrid zone, they seldom attack man. though 

 provoked ; of all animals these are the most sullen, and, to a pro- 

 verb, untameablc ; they still preserve their fierce and treacherous 

 spirit, 305; different classes of the kind from the lion to the cat, 

 307 ; the wild cat and the martin seldom meet without a combat ; 

 it is not a match ibr the martin, 237 ; the ichneumon injudiciously 

 called the cat of Pharaoh, 3o7 ; cats of Constantinople, a name of 

 the genet, and why, 340. 



Cattle, we have the best, breed of horned cattle in Europe ; tlm 

 large hornless breed in some purts of England, originally from 

 Poland, 234 ; the Dutch bring great quantities of lean cattle from 

 Denmark to fatten on their own rich grounds ; that of Ukraine be- 

 comes fat, and is considered the largest breed of all Kurope ; in 

 Switzerland these animals grow to a large size ; not so in France ; 

 size in liarbary, Ethiopia, Persia, and Tartary, 2'i'i ; leather- 

 mouthed cattle, 243 ; liable to be destroyed by the" South American 

 bat, vampyre, 380. 



Caverns, the amazing cavern of Eldenhole in Derbyshire ; the 

 dreadful oavern in the country of the Arrian Indians, called the 

 gulf of Pluto, described by ./Elian ; the famous cavern of Candle, 

 supposed to be entirely the work of art ; cavern of Maestricht ; its 

 description ; no part of the world has a greater number of artificial 

 caverns than Spain ; in those countries where the climate is vcrv 

 severe, still made use of as houses ; in general deserted by every 

 race of meaner animals, except the bat ; the caverns called Oakey- 

 hole, the Devil's-hole, and Penpark-hole, in England ; description 

 of tbem ; the cavern of Antiparos, and its discovery ; Magni's 

 amusing account of it ; how natural caverns formed ; two hundred 

 feet as much as the lowest of them is found to sink, 17 to 21 ; one 

 in Africa, near Fez, continually sends forth smoke or flames, 39. 



Cavier, the inhabitants of Norway prepare from eggs found in 

 the body of the porpoise, a savoury liquor, which makes a delicate 

 sauce, and is good when eaten with bread, (>20; it is made with the 

 roe of the sturgeon ; more in request in other countries of Europe 

 than with us ; formerly in much request at the politest table in 

 England, now sunk entirely into disuse ; is a considerable mer- 

 chandise among the Turks, Greeks, and Venetian! ; manner of 

 making it, 041, 042. 



Causes, the investigation of final causes a barren study ; and, like" 

 a virgin dedicated to the Deity, brings forth nothing. 0. 



Caustic, cantliarides yield a great deal of volatile caustic salt, 822. 



Cayman, a sort of crocodile, 711. 



Cayopolin, a kind of oppossum ; its description, 415. 



Cr.a,, an island washed away with several thousand inhabitants, 39. 



Cells, made by the bees, 8H2. 



Ccnere, a mount of recent appearance, 47. 



Centiuel. See J/wi/.s20!). See Marmouts, 356. See Bustard, 504. 



Cc-ntipes, the scolopcndra. 7(11. 



Centriseus. a kind of cartilaginous fish, 044. 



Ccplms, name given by the ancients to the monkey now called 

 mona, 411. 



Crpola, the description of this fish. '' !-. 



Cefigii, an island of the Archipelago, where many wild asses are 

 found, 224. 



Cetaceous fishes, the v. hale and its varieties resemble quadrupeds 

 in their internal structure, and in some of their appetites and affec- 

 tions ; they are constrained every two or three minutes to come up 

 to the surface to tuke breath, as well as to spout out through their 

 nostril (for they have but one) that water which they sucked in 

 while gaping for their prey ; the senses of these animals superior 

 to those of other fishes ; and it is most likely that all animals of the 

 kind can hear ; they never produce above one young, or two at the 

 most ; and this the female suckles in the manner of quadrupeds, her 

 breasts being placed as in the human kind, above the navel ; inte- 

 resting story founded upon fact from Waller ; distinctive marks of 

 this tribe, 014, G15. 



Cliacrelas, white men go by that name in the East Indies, 180. 



Chatodon. See Cat-fish, 048. 



Chaffinch, a bird of the sparrow kind, 537, 538 ; time of emigra- 

 tion of the hen, 457, 



Cliapotonadas, a distemper in America, 90. 



Charles XII. when shot at the siege of Frederickshall, was sesn 

 to clap his hand on the hilt of his sword, 170. 

 6 G* 



