FLE 



1JNUEX. 



FOX 



others of the same kind, taken at a ditFcrrnt end, were dangerous, 

 and commonly fatal ; the Philosophical Transactions give an ac- 

 nount of poisonous qualities offish at New Providence; all kinds, at 

 different times, alike dangerous ;. the same species this day serving 

 is nourishment, the next found fatal ; speculations and conjectures 

 to which these poisonous qualities have given rise, 655 to 680. 



Filc-Jish, most wonderful of the shelly tribe, l>!)4. See I'ho'.ndis. 



Fishery of pearls, several ; chiefly carried on in the Persian Gulf, 

 via ; the people destined for the pearl-fisheries ; they die consump- 

 tive ; in what manner they fish for pearls, 692, 693. 



Fig/iiiiv-froir, from its deformity called the sea-dcril ; conceit 

 t jat this tish'uses its two long beards or filaments for fishing ; 

 Rondeletius says, that the bowels taken out, the body appears trans- 

 parent ; and with a lighted candle in it, has a formidable appear- 

 ance ; fishermen have a great regard for this ugly fish, as an enemy 

 to the dog-fish ; when taken they set it at liberty, 6-O. 



Fisfures, perpendicular, found in every field and every quarry ; 

 their causes, 18. 



Fin til ar in, description of this fish, 650. 



Flame will burn under water ; none found continuing to burn 

 without air, 97. 



Flamingu, the most remarkable of the crane kind, the tallest, 

 bulkiest, and most beautiful ; its description ; chiefly found iu 

 America ; once known on all the coasts of Europe ; its beauty and 

 the peculiar delicacy of its flesh, have been such temptations to de- 

 stroy or take it, that it has long since deserted the shores frequent- 

 ed by men ; in deserted regions, the flamingos live in a state of socie- 

 ty, and under a better polity than others of the feathered creation ; 

 delicacy of its flesh ; when the first Europeans in America killed 

 one, the rest regarded the fall in fixed astonishment ; thus the 

 fowler levelled the flock, before any began to escape ; it is now one 

 of the scarcest and shyest birds in the world ; places it chiefly in- 

 habits ; always appoints one as a watch, who gives notice of dan- 

 ger with a voice shrill as a trumpet ; Negroes fond of their com- 

 pany, and think their society a gift of heaven, and protection from 

 evils ; these killed are hidden in the long grass, to prevent ill treat- 

 ment from the blacks discovering the murder of their sacred birds ; 

 are frequently taken with nets ; refuse all nourishment when taken ; 

 pine and die, if left to themselves in captivity ; its tongue is the 

 most celebrated delicacy ; a dish of them, says Labat, is a feast for 

 an emperor ; a Roman emperor had fifteen hundred flamingo's 

 tongues served up in a dish ; their tongue larger than any other || 

 birj ; its flesh ; they move in rank like cranes ; appear in flight of 

 a bright red as a burning coal ; manner of feeding very singular ; 

 savages of Canada call it tococo, and why ; time of breeding, and 

 their nests ; number of their eggs ; colour when young ; they be- 

 come familiar in five or six days, eat out of the hand, and drink 

 sea-water ; but generally pine away, wanting their natural supplies, 

 and die in a short time ; savages make ornaments of their plumes ; 

 and the skin sometimes serves the Europeans to make muffs, 

 564 to 567. 



Flea, persecutes the hare, 348; it can draw a chain a hundred 

 times heavier than itself, and eat ten times its own size of provi- 

 sions in one day, 747 ; its description, 753 ; aborescent water-flea, 

 or monoculus, described, 598 ; Lewenhoeck has discovered above 

 six thousand facets on the cornea of a flea, 702. 



Flemings possessed the art of cloth-working in a superior de- 

 gree ; were invited to settle here, 243. 



flesh dries at Cusco like wood, without corrupting, 195 ; the 

 Persians esteem that of the wild ass so highly, that its delicacy is a 

 proverb among them, 224 ; of the fallow-deer preferred to any 

 other, 265 ; of the roe-buck, between one and two years old, allowed 

 the greatest delicacy known, 269 ; of the tiger, is good for food, 

 some hold it superior to mutton,, 302 ; of dogs, sold in shambles all 

 over China ; and the Negroes of the coast of Guinea esteem it a 

 delicacy , as likewise that of toads, lizards, and tigers, 315 ; that of 

 the wolf very indifferent ; no creature known to eat it but the wolf 

 himself, 322 ; of the squash, tolerable food, 339 ; that of the glut- 

 ton, not fit to be eaten, 344 ; of the hare, religiously abstained from 

 by the Jews, ancient Britons, and Mahometans, 348 ; of the paca, 

 considered a groat delicacv, 359 ; of the tendrac, thought by the 

 Indians a great delicacy, 375 ; of the pangolin, considered a very 

 great delicacy by the Negroes of Africa, 379 ; of the armadillo, or 

 tatou, said to be delicate eating, 381 ; of the seal, formerly found 

 place at the tables of the great, 396 ; of the monkey, liked by the 

 Negroes, 498 ; of the ostrich, proscribed in scripture unfit to be 

 eaten, 463; of the emu, or the American ostrich, good to be eaten, 

 467 ; of the dodo, good and wholesome eating, 76 ; of the vulture, 

 falcon, and osprcy, when young, excellent food, according to Bel- 

 lonius ; that of carnivorous birds, stringy and ill-tasted, soon cor- 

 raptiag, and tinctured with that animal food upon which they sub- 



sist, 472 ; of the bird condor, as disagreeable as carrion, 477 ; of 

 the peacock, keeps unputrified longer than of any other animal, 

 498 ; that of the partridge, so valued by the French, according to 

 Willoughby, that no feast could be complete without it, 507; of the 

 pheasant, considered us the greutc.it dainty, 501 ; of the quail, a 

 very grent delicacy, 50(1 ; of the toucan, tender and nourishing, 519; 

 of the young herons, in particular estimation in France, 561 ; of the 

 bittern, greatly esteemed among the luxurious, 563 ; of the puffin, 

 formerly by the church allowed on Lenten days, 591 ; of fishes, 

 yield little nourishment ; questions proposed to the learned concern- 

 ing it, 613 ; of the young porpoise ; said to be as well tasted as veal, 

 (121) ; of the shark, hardly digestible by any but Negroes, who are 

 fond of it to distraction, 631 ; of the turtle, is become a branch of 

 commerce, 674 ; that of some crabs is poisonous, 603 ; of the great 

 Mediterranean turtle sometimes poisonous, (173. 



Files torment the elephant unceasingly ; arts the elephant tries 

 to keep them off. 420 : dragon-fly, or the iibella, 76(i ; common wa- 

 ter-fly swims on its back, 779 ; the cornea so adapted by Puget, as 

 to see objects through it with a microscope ; strangeness of its re- 

 presentations ; does the fly see objects singly, as with one eye, or 

 is every facet a complete eye, exhibiting its objects distinct from 

 the rest, 792 ; the Spanish fly ? 822 See Cantha rides. 



Flintshire, in a lead-mine there, two great grinding-tecth, and 

 part of the tusk of an elephant, discovered at the depth of forty -two 

 yards, 425. 



Flounder, known to produce in one season above one million of 

 eggs, 612. 



Fluids, ascending in vessels emptied of air ; rising in capillary 

 tubes, and how this comes to pass, 56. 



Flux of the sea, 73; not equal in the straits of Magellan, 76. 



Flij-rutc/ier, bird of the sparrow kind, 5:',<. 



Flying-fish, its description, 650 ; chiefly sought by the dorado, 658. 



Fly-trap, name of a flower, closing upon the flies that light upon 

 it, 828. ' 



Fatus, the canal of communication through which the blood cir- 

 culates in the fcetus, without going through the lungs, has been 

 found open in some bodies that have been dissected, ti!'2. 



Fongieang, natives of China give a fantastic description of this 

 imaginary bird, 503. 



Fontenellc, a celebrated writer, of a weak and delicate habit of 

 body ; the remarkable equality of" his temper lengthened out his 

 life to above a hundred ; nothing could vex or make him uneasy, 

 174, 175. 



Food, man can live without it for seven days ; a Scotchman for 

 the space of six weeks took no food at all, 155. 



Foot, hares have the sole of it furnished with hair, 347. See 

 Hare and Hair. 



Foramen ovule, opening in the heart of the foetus, 131; in the 

 seal's heart never closes, 393. 



Forbin (C/iera/ier) his account of baboons forcing women in 

 Siam, 404. 



Forehead, narrow, liked by the Romans, 140. 



Forest, generally divided between monkeys and serpents, 407. 



Formica leo, the linn-ant, described ; its habits ; its retreat ; its 

 contrivances for catching other insects ; when attaining a certain 

 age, changes its form; description when become a large and beau- 

 tiful fly of the libellula kind ; equally wonderful in all its different 

 stages of existence, 7(>8 to 770. 



Fossil, teeth of elephants often found in that state, 425 ; bones 

 found in Peru and Brusil, which when cut and polished appear like 

 ivory, ib. ; shells in the bowels of the earth, not found in the 

 ocean, 680. 



Fouinc, animal of the weasel kind, 335. 



Fowls, large do not rise easily, and why, 450 ; few water-fowls 

 known to breed in England, and why, 457 ; those of reddish plu- 

 mage the ancients held invaluable ; the white, as unfit for domestic 

 purposes, and fit as prey to rapacious birds ; Aristotle thinks them 

 less fruitful than the former, 494 ; sea-fowls ever sporting on for- 

 midable sea-coasts, 584 ; general characteristics of water-fowls ; 

 their fuod ; the jjull kind ; the penguin kind ; the goose kind, 

 574, 575 ; water-fowls properly of no climate, 592. 



Foxes hunt in packs ; taken young are gentle only while cubs, 

 growing older discover their natural appetites of rapine and cruelty, 

 309 ; their cubs born blind, like those of the dog ; the fox lives 

 about twelve or fourteen years ; remarkable instance of parental 

 affection of a she-fox ; all animals make war upon the fox ; even 

 the birds ; refuses to engender with the dog ; brings forth fewer 

 than the dog, and but once a year ; the female goes with young 

 six weeks, and seldom stirs out while pregnant ; various colours of 

 them ; three varieties of this animal in Great Britain; greyhound 

 fox, mastiff fox, ajid cur fox ; round the pole they are all cokmrs; 



