26 



JIAR 



INDEX. 



IIEA 



cause they would not give their whiskers the orthodox cut ; variety 

 in customs and manner of cutting hair, 145 ; trade of the inhabitants 

 of Angora with the hair of animals of their country ; camblet and 

 the other stuffs made of it, 247; hair of the cat rubbed in the dark, 

 sends forth shining sparks, 2!>0 ; Syria and Persia noted for long 

 soft hair to the animals bred in them, 292 ; each hair of the lynx ot 

 three different colours ; of the black fox so disposed as impossible to 

 tell which way the grain lies, 325 ; coats of hair seem to thicken at 

 the approach of winter ; among quadrupeds, as among men. thin 

 spare diet produces hair, 331 ; on the soles of the feet, and on the 

 inside of the mouths of hares, 347. 



Halcyon, a. rapacious water-fowl, 602. See King-fisher. 



Halle.y (Dr.) his plausible theory to explain the invariable mo- 

 tion of the winds, 100, 101. 



Hallontide, in 1580 ; an army of mice so over-run the marshes 

 near Southminster, that they eat up the grass to the roots, 491. 



Halos, or luminous circles, oftener seen in countries near the 

 poles, than any other part of the earth, 113. 



Hammer, the yellow, bird of the sparrow kind, 533. 



Hamster, the cricctus or German rat of Mr. Burton. 368. 



Hand, sufficient to vindicate the dominion of man over other ani- 

 mals, a poor assertion ; a man without hands or legs, converts his 

 stumps to most convenient purposes, and performs astonishing 

 feats of dexterity, 415, 416. 



Harbour of a stag, in covert or thicket, 962. 



Hare, a gregarious animal, where it has no enemies but beasts 

 of the forest, 231 ; the swiftest animal for the time it continues to 

 run, 345 ; animals of the hare-kind inoffensive and timorous ; being 

 the prey of every voracious animal, are incessantly pursued ; placed 

 by I'yerius among those that chew the cud ; whether or not, cer- 

 tainly the lips continually move sleeping or waking ; they use their 

 fore-paws like hands : tliat kind remarkably salacious, and furnished 

 by nature with ampler powers than others for propagation ; if not i 

 thinned by constant depredations, would over-run the earth ; of I 

 these, the hare the largest and most timorous : has large prominent | 

 yes placed backwards to see behind as it runs ; these never closed ; > 

 it sleeps with them open ; the ears moveable, and capable of direc- j 

 tion to every quarter ; muscles of its body strong and without fat ; j 

 hinder feet longer than the fnre on account of speed ; persecuted 

 by dogs, cats, weasels, and birds of prey ; in a state of engendering 

 very early ; females go with young thirty days, and bring forth 

 three or four at a time ; has young of different ages in her womb j 

 together ; though already impregnated she admits the male, and 

 receives a second impregnation ; reason of this extraordinary cir- 

 cumstance ; the young brought forth with their eyes open ; the 

 dam suckles them twenty days ; food they are fond of; sleep or re- 

 pose in their form by day. and live only by night ; the rutting sea- 

 son begins in February ; the male pursues and discovers the female 

 by the sagacity of its nose ; the slightest breeze or falling of a leaf 

 disturbs their revels ; they instantly fly off, each taking a separate 

 way; are more easily taken than the fox, a much slower animal 

 than they, and why ; always choose to run up a hill, and why; 

 have the sole of the foot furnished with hair, and seem the only 

 animal with hair on the inside of the mouth ; live seven or eight 

 vears, and come to perfection in one year ; females live longer ; 

 Mr. Bnffon makes a doubt of it ; seldom heard to cry, except when 

 seized or wounded ; their cry nearly like the squalling of a child ; 

 are easily tamed, but are incapable of attachment to any person ; 

 though never so young, regain their native freedom at the first op- 

 portunity; have a good ear, and been taught to beat the drum, 

 dance to measure, and go through the manual exercise ; make 

 themselves a form where the colour of the grass resembles that of 

 their skin, open to the south in winter, and to the north in summer ; 

 sore hunted, will start a fresh hare, and squat in its form ; some- 

 times will hide among a flock of sheep, and no vigilance can drive 

 them from it ; some enter holes like the rabbit, by hunters termed 

 going to vault ; as it tires, treads heavier, and its scent is stronger ; 

 young hares tread heavier than the old ; male makes doublings of 

 greater compass than the female ; divided by hunters into mountain 

 and measled hares ; mode of expression, the more you hunt, the 

 more hares you shall have, and why ; what animals persecute the 

 hare ; its enemies so various, that it seldom reaches the short term 

 limited to it by nature ; in countries near the north pole, they be- 

 come white, and are often in great troops of four or five hundred ; 

 their skins sold for less than seven shillings a hundred ; the fur 

 known to form a conciderable article in the hat manufacture ; found 

 also entirely black, in much less quantity than the former ; some have 

 been seen with horns, but rarely ; those in hot countries smaller than 

 UTS ; those in the Milanese the best in Europe ; scarce a country where 

 not found, from the torrid zone to the polar circle ; natives of Guinea 

 Xill numbers at a lime ; in what manner; the Jews, ancient Britons, 



and Mahometans, all considered it as an unclean animal, and reli- 

 giously abstained from it ; Apicius shows the manner of dressing a 

 hare in true Roman taste ; hare and rabbit distinct kinds, refuse to 

 mix with each other ; an instance of it, Mr. Buffon having in vain 

 tried to make them engender with each other; laws made for the 

 preservation of them, 345 to 349. 



Harfang. or great Hudson's Bay owl, the largest of the, noctur- 

 nal tribe, and as white as snow. 599. 



Harlequin, a kind of a dog. 3] 2 ; an useless animal, somewhat be- 

 tween an Italian greyhound and a Dutch mastiff, 313. 



Harmony of our planetary system. 2. 



Harold. See Hawk, 482. 



Harp, the story of Arion's gathering the dolphins about the 

 ship, 165. 



Harpies, that ancient idea taken from the rousette, or the great 

 bat of Madagascar, 385. 



Harrier, hound, and beagle, all of the same kind, 311 ; a dog of 

 the generous kind, 312. 



Hart, name of the stag the sixth year, 262. 



Hartshorn, and musk, the only medicines of reputation of several 

 procurable from quadrupeds, 250. 



Harvey, his opinion about the formation of the incipient animal ; 

 altercations against his system, 123. 



Hatching, nothing exceeds the patience of birds hatching, 455 ; 

 Mr. Addison's observations to this purpose, ib. ; the emu very pecu- 

 liar in the hatching of its young, 466 ; the crocodile's eggs hatched 

 in the sand, 715. 



Hatjield, in Yorkshire, description of one of those spouts called 

 typhons, observed there in 1687, 115. 



Hatannah, in the fortunate expedition which gave us that place, 

 the climate left not a fifth part of the army survivors of the victo- 

 ry, 94. 



Hawfinch, a bird of the sparrow kind, 538. 



Hawk-kind, destroys mice, 365 ; perceives a lark at a distance 

 which neither men nor dogs could spy, 450 ; distinctive marks from 

 other carnivorous birds, 473 ; in old paintings, the criterion of nobili- 

 ty ; no person of rank stirred without Tiis hawk on his hand ; 

 Harold, afterwards king of England, going on an important embas- 

 sy into Normandy, is drawn in an old bas-relief, embarking with a 

 hawk on his fist, and a dog under his arm ; in those days, it was suf- 

 ficient for noblemen's sons to wind the horn and carry the hawk 

 fair ; this diversion in such high esteem among the great all over 

 Europe, that Frederick, Emperor of Germany, wrote a treatise upon 

 hawking ; this amusement now much given over in this kingdom, 

 and why ; this sport attended with very great expense ; in the 

 reign of James I. Sir Thomas Monson gave a thousand pounds for 

 a cnst of hawks ; in the reign of Edward III. it was made felony to 

 steal a hawk ; to take its eggs was punished by imprisonment for a 

 year and a day, with a fine at the king's pleasure ; in the reign of 

 Elizabeth, the imprisonment reduced to three months, the offender 

 to lie in prison till he got security for his good behaviour during 

 seven years ; in earlier times the art of gunning was but little used, 

 and the hawk was then valuable for its affording diversion and pro- 

 curing delicacies for the table not otherwise to be obtained ; of such 

 spirit that he keeps all birds in awe and subjection to his prowess ; 

 distinctive marks of the tribe called the long-winged hawks ; their 

 names and description ; have attachment to their feeders, and docility 

 the baser race are strangers to ; names of hawks of the baser race ; 

 those of the generous breed remarkable for courage, swiftness, 

 and docility, in obeying the commands and the signs of their mas- 

 ter ; to train up the hawk so as to hunt for his master, and bring 

 him the game he shall kill, requires great skill and assiduity ; ac- 

 count of the manner of training a hawk ; falconers had a language 

 peculiar, in which they conversed and wrote, 482 to 486. 



Hawk, (sparrow) pursues the thrush and the linnet,'4?2; said to 

 be the boldest and the best of all others for the chase, 486. 



Hawk, (goss) and sparrow-hawk, unfit for training; taught to fly 

 at game, but little obtained from them, 486. 



Hawkins (Sir Robert.) See Azores, 70. 



Hr.ad of man externally and internally different from that of all 

 other animals, the monkey-kind excepted, 146 ; whence originally 

 the flat-heads of the American Indians, 185; of quadrupeds different 

 from other, but adapted to their several ways of living, and how, 

 206 ; in all birds, except nocturnal, the head smaller and less propor- 

 tioned to the body than in quadrupeds, 450 ; of the great Greenland 

 whale makes a third of its bulk, 617. 



Hearing, extreme delicacy of this sense in birds, 451 ; that sense 

 in whales in great perfection, 617. 



Hrarse, name of the female of the stag, the second year, 262. 



Heart, a broken heart, in common language, in reality a disorder 

 caused by hunger, 154. 



