HOIl 



INDEX. 



HOR 



formidable animals ; the negroes, apprized of 'its force, do not en- 

 gage it ; continues uncontrolled master of the river, all other fly 

 its approach, or become an easy prey ; moves slowly upon land ; 

 seldom goes from the river side, unless pressed by necessities of 

 hunger, or of bringing forth its young ; lives upon fish and vegeta- 

 bles ; natives of Africa say it often devours children, and other 

 creatures surprised upon land ; the young are excellent eating ; 

 the female seldom produces above one at a time ; hearing the 

 slightest noise, she dashes into the stream, and the young one fol- 

 lows her with equal alacrity; Dr. Pococke has seen tiieir flesh 

 sold in shambles like beef; their breast thought as delicate eating 

 as veal ; this creature, once numerous at the mouth of the Nile, 

 now wholly unknown in Lower Egypt, and no where found but 

 above the cataracts, 427 to 42!>. 



Historian, (natural) what his proper business, 2 ; going too 

 much into speculation certainly wrong, and why, ti ; method his 

 principal help, 199; faults of systematic writers, 200. 



History, (natural) of all other sciences has the least danger of 

 obscurity, and why, 202 ; best set forth, as Mr. Locke has observed, 

 by drawings of animals, taken from life, 204 ; rule in natural his- 

 tory, that neither horns, colour, fineness or length of hair, or posi- 

 tion of ears, make actual distinctions in the kinds, 2 17 ; accounts 

 of fishes little entertaining ; philosophers not studying their na- 

 ture, but employed in increasing their catalogue, 605 ; Dampier 

 has added more to it than half the philosophers before him, C74 ; 

 one of the strangest discoveries in all natural history, 826. 



Hobby, bird of the generous breed of hawks, for smaller game, 

 daring larks, and stooping at quails. 4-\i. 



Hugs, animals of this Kind resemble those of the horse as well 

 as the cow kind, and in what ; this kind partakes of the rapacious 

 and the peaceful kinds ; offends no animal of the forest ; remark- 

 able that none of this kind ever shed their teeth ; any animal 

 dying in the forest, or so wounded as to make no resistance, is the 

 jirey of the hog, who refuses no animal food, however putrid ; in a 

 state of wildness, most delicate in the choice of its vegetables, re- 

 jects a greater number than any other ; they eat but seventy-two 

 plants, and reject a hundred and seventy ; indelicacy of this animal 

 more in our apprehensions than in its nature, and why ; in orchards 

 of peach-trees in North America, rejects the fruit that has lain a 

 few hours on the ground, and watch hours for a fresh wind-fall ; 

 have had mice burrowing in their backs while fattening in the sty, 

 without seeming to perceive it ; scent the hounds at a distance ; 

 by nature stupid, inactive, and drowsy ; its whole life a round of 

 sleep and gluttony ; has passions more active only when incited by 

 venery, or when the wind blows with vehemence ; foresees the 

 approach of bad weather ; much agitated on hearing any of its 

 kind in distress ; have often gathered round a dog that teazed 

 them, and killed him upon the spot ; their various diseases ; ge- 

 nerally live, when permitted, to eighteen or twenty years ; the fe- 

 males produce to the age of fifteen ; produce from ten to twenty at 

 a litter, and that twice a year; in the wild state less prolific, 279 

 to 2t"i. ' 



Hug (Guinea) and that about Upsal, described, 282. 



Hug (water.) See Capibara, 284. 



Hug of Borneo. See Babyrouessa, 285. 



fluff of the isthmus of Darien, described by Wafer, 286. 



Holiauho, a river of China, in Asia ; its course, 62 ; receives 

 thirty-five lesser rivers, 64. 



Holland, a conquest from the sea, and rescued from its bosom ; 

 the surface of its earth below the level of tile bottom of the sea ; 

 upon approaching the coast, it is looked down upon from the sea, 

 as into a valley; is every day rising higher, and by what means ; 

 those parts which formerly admitted large men of war, are now too 

 shallow to receive ships of moderate burden, 81. 



Honey, the polecat and the martin feed upon honey, 332 ; from 

 what part of the flower it is extracted, 803 ; two kinds of it ; 

 which to be preferred, 807 ; that gathered by the humble-bee, 808 ; 

 gathered by the black bees in the tropical climates, neither so un- 

 palatable nor so surfeiting as ours ; produced by the bees at Gua- 

 duloupe, 808. See Bres, 808, 809. 



Honeycomb, name of the second stomach of ruminating animals,G79. 



Huuf of the Persian mares, ao hard that shoeing is unnecessary, 

 6GG. 



Hooper, name of the wild swan, on account of the harshness of 

 its voice, 594. 



Horizon, seems wrapt in a iKtddy cloud, upon the approach of 

 winter, under the line, 1 10. 



Horn, to wind it, and to carry the hawjk fair, formerly sufficient 

 accomplishments for noblemen's sons, 482. 



Horns, in what manner those of animals are produced, 147 ; 

 JJTOW differently in deer from those of sheep or OOWB ; doers' boms 



| furrowed along the sides, and why ; in every respect resembling a 

 vegetable substance, grafted upon the head of the stag ; beauty 

 and size of those of a stag, mark their strength and their vigour ; 

 the time of shedding them ; severe winters retard the shedding the 

 horns in stags ; generally increase in thickness nnd height from the 



jj second year to the eighth ; partake of the nature of the soil; their 

 horns shed, they seek the plainer part of the country, remote from 

 those animals they are then unable to oppose, and walk with their 

 heads stooping down, to prevent striking against the brancli(.'s of a 

 tree, 257, 258 ; of a stag, called his head ; their names according 

 to the different ages of the stag. Slid ; the author has seen the 

 horns of the elk ten feet nine inches from one tip to the other. 

 y70 ; applied to the same purposes as hartshorn, 271 ; rein-deer 

 converted into glue, 277 ; of the rhinoceros, sometimes from three 

 to three feet and a half long, composed of the most solid sub- 

 stance, and pointed to inilict the most fatal wounds, 426' ; of 

 owls nothing more than two or three feathers that stand up on each 

 side of the head, over the ea.r, 489. 



Horses, characteristic marks given by Linmcus ; eats hemlock 

 without injury, 214 ; near as the ape approaches man in external 

 conformation, so the horse is the most remote ; wild horses herd 

 together, and feed in droves of five or six hundred; one among 

 their number always stands as sentinel, and after having alarmed 

 his fellows to flight, remains the hindermost, 215 ; there are but 

 three animals of the horse kind, the horse, ass, and zebra, 227; 

 a horse will not carry upon its back a weight of more than two or 

 three hundred pounds. 150 ; to estimate the strength of a horse, ie 

 not to try what he can carry, but what he can draw ; he draws a 

 load ten men cannot move ; and in some cases a draught horse draws 

 better being somewhat loaded, ib. ; allured by music, 165 ; not 

 readily attacked by the lion ; the combats between them in Italy, 

 207 ; one fond of oysters, 209 ; from what country the horse 

 came originally, uncertain ; according to the ancients, wild horses 

 once in Europe ; the colder climates do not agree with them ; 

 how wild horses are caught ; set at liberty they never become 

 wild again ; the Buccaneers agreeably surprised to see their faith- 

 ful horses present themselves awain with their us/ il assiduity, and 

 receive the rein ; this animal in a state of nature in the old, not 

 the new world, 215 ; wild horses finding a tame horse to associate 

 with them, gather round him, and oblige him to seek safety by 

 flight ; countries where wild horses are found ; the natives of An. 

 gola, or Cafraria, catch a horse only to eat him. Jtrabinn wild 

 liorscs, the most beautiful breed, the most generous, swift, and 

 persevering ; the negroes show terror and surprise when first they 

 see a horse, ib. ; no Arabian, however poor, but has his horse ; 

 tame Arabian horses, some valued at a thousand ducats ; different 

 classes among the Arabians ; they know the race of a horse by his 

 appearance ; Arabians preserve the pedigree of their horses with 

 care, for several ages, 217 ; countries into which the race of their 

 horses has spread itself, ib. ; they take the wild horses with traps ; 

 the young horse considered by them as a great delicacy ; they 

 feast upon him while any part is remaining ; the usual manner of 

 trying the swiftness of Arabian horses, by hunting the ostrich ; 

 and a horse of the first speed is able to out-run it, 216 ; treat their 

 horses gently ; hold a discourse with them ; permits them to sleep 

 indiscriminately with his family ; written attestations given to per- 

 sons who buy Arabian horses ; they stand stock still in the midst 

 of their career, the rider happening to fall ; keep them saddled at 

 their tents from morning to night, to prevent surprise ; when the 

 Arabians begin to break their horses ; how the Arabians dress and 

 feed their horses, 217 ; first began the management of horses in 

 the time of sheque Ishmael ; the rapidity of the flight of Arabian 

 horses is such, that the dogs give up the pursuit, 2Hi ; upon com- 

 putation, the speed of the English horse is one-fourth greater 

 carrying a rider, than that of the swiftest barb without one ; in 

 Persia, according to Marcus Paulus, there are studs of ten thou- 

 sand white mares altogether, very fleet, and with the hoof so hard 

 that shoeing is unnecessary ; Numidian race much degenerated ; 

 the Tingitanians and Egyptians have the fame of rearing the finest 

 horses for size and beauty, 218 ; horses of Barbary ; an Italian pe- 

 culiar sport, in which horses of this breed run against each other, 

 ib. ; Spanish genctte described, ib. ; those of Andalusia pass for 

 the best, and preferred as war horses to every other country, 

 Italian horses have a particular aptitude to prance, ib. ; the horses 

 of India, weak and washy ; fed with peas, sugar, and butter; one 

 brought to England not much larger than a common mastiff; cli- 

 mates excessively hot seem unfavourable to horses, remarkable 

 sports on horseback ; the horses of the Gold Coast and Guinea ex- 

 tremely little, but very manageable ; of China, weak, little, ill- 

 shaped, and cowardly ; those of Corea timorous, as not to be ser- 

 viceable in war, 220 ; Tartar horses very serviceable in war ; they 



