MAR 



INDEX. 



35 



weights which either Can carry ; Dr. Desaguliera speaks of a man 

 able to raise two thousand pounds, by distributing the weights in 

 such a manner that every part of his body bore its share, 350 ; 

 exercised in runninp; outstrips horses ; a stout walker, in a jour- 

 ney, walks down a horse ; those employed as messengers at Ispa- 

 han in Persia, runners by profession, go thirty-six leagUM in four- 

 teen hours, 150 ; every animal endures the want of sleep and hun- 

 ger with less injury to health than man, 153 ; he nannot, uninjured, 

 live many days without eating, drinking, and sleeping, ib. ; one 

 said to live without food for seven days, 155 ; requires sloep for 

 double motives, the refreshment of the mental as well as the bodi- 

 ly frame, 156 ; more difficult for man than any other animal to 

 procure sleep, ib. ; has a lump upon the windpipe not to bo seen in 

 women, 147; a young man deaf and dumb from his birth, knew 

 nothing of death, and never thought of it till the age of twenty- 

 four, when he began to speak all of a sudden, 107 ; account of a 

 man ruminating, 232 , in those countries where men are most bar- 

 barous and stupid, their brutes are most active and sagacious, 410 ; 

 one, without hands or legs, by practice used his stumps for the 

 most convenient purposes, and performed astonishing feats of dex- 

 terity, 416; man dies under wounds which a quadruped or bird 

 could easily survive, 830. 



Manufactures, the woollen manufacture not carried on here till 

 several agea after sheep were propagated in England ; unavailing 

 efforts of our kings to introduce and preserve it; the Flemings 

 possessed the art to a superior degree ; the inhabitants of the 

 Netherlands improved us in this art, and when ; the woollen-manu- 

 facture supposed for some time decaying among us, 243 ; of stuff's 

 of the wool of the pacos, a considerable branch of commerce in 

 South America, 434. 



Mnii'iti, may indiscriminately be the last of beasts, or the first of 

 fishes; its description; the female has breasts placed forward like 

 those of women ; holds her young ones with her paws to her bosom, 

 where it sticks and accompanies her wherever she goes ; the tongue 

 so short, some have pretended it has none ; never entirely leaves 

 the water ; only advances the head out of the stream, to reach the 

 grass on the river sides ; it feeds entirely on vegetables ; places 

 where found ; graze among turtles and other crustaceous fishes, 

 giving or fearing no disturbance ; unmolested they keep together 

 in large companies, and surround their young ; bring forth in 

 autumn ; and supposed to go with young eighteen months ; the ma- 

 nati has no voice nor cry ; its intestines are longer in proportion 

 than those of any other creature, the horse exempted ; the fat which 

 lies under the skin, exposed to the sun, has a fine, smell and taste, 

 and exceeds the fat of any sea animal ; the heat of the sun does not 

 make it rancid ; it tastes like the oil of sweet almonds, and serves 

 every way instead of butter ; any quantity may be taken inwardly, 

 having no other effect than to keep the body open ; the fat of the 

 tail boiled, more delicate than the former ; the lean takes, a long 

 time in boiling, and eats like beef; may be kept a long time in the 

 hottest days without tainting ; the fat of the young like pork, and 

 the lean like veal ; upon the whole this animal's flesh resembles 

 turtle, H'.iii. 



Mandril, the largest of the baboon kind; its description ; when 

 displeased, weeps like a child ; is a native of the Gold Coast, 406. 



Mangabc.ij, a monkey of the ancient continent ; its descrip- 

 tion, 411. 



Mangrove-tree, that grows down in the water of the Senegal 

 river, 64. 



Manks-jmJJln, or coulterncb, a small water-fowl, described, 

 590,591. ' 



Jtforeonre*, their composition ; experiment by way of proof. 33. 



Mares, their exportation prohibited by law in Arabia, '217 ; studs 

 in Persia of ten thousand white mares, with hoofs so hard, that 

 shoeing is unnecessary, 218 ; a law in England, prohibiting the ex- 

 portation of mares and stallions ; and one similar to this obtained 

 co early as the time of Athelstan, 222. 



Marikina, a monkey of the sagoin kind, with a mane round the 

 neck, and a bunch of hair at the end of the tail, like a lion, 412. 



Marmose, only differs in size from the oppossum, being less ; in- 

 stead of the bag to receive the young, has only two longitudinal 

 folds, within which the premature young continue to suck ; when 

 first produced, not above the size of a bean ; but stick to the teat 

 until they arrive at maturity, 415. 



Murmout, or marmotte, a ruminating animal, 232; a native of the 

 Alps ; its description ; is easily tamed, readily taught to dance, 

 wield a stick, and obey the voice of its master ; it has an antipathy 

 to the dog ; and when become familiar, and is supported by its mas- 

 ter, it attacks and bites the largest, mastiff; strength and agility ; 

 except its enmity to dogs, lives in friendship with every creature, 

 unless provoked ; ludicrous saying that the Savoyards, the only 



Jl chimney-sweepers of Paris, have learned their art from the mar- 

 l' mottn they carry about for show ; is apt to knaw the furniture ; 

 |l other afflictions of this animal ; its food; is cleanly, but has a dis- 

 || agreeable scent; sleeps during winter; though a native of the 

 I highest mountains, and where the snow is nevei wholly melted, yet 

 it fuels the influence of cold more than any other animal; form of its 

 ,; hole resembles the letter Y; manner of making it; they live 

 ; together, and work in common to make their habitations snug and 

 convenient; whan they venture abroad, one is placed as sentinel 

 upon a lofty rock ; Mr. Buffon says it does not sleep during winter, is 

 rather in a torpor, a stagnation of all its faculties; its heat not more 

 ; than ten degrees above congelation ; the flesh said to have a wild 

 |j taste, and to cause vomiting ; countries whore it is found ; inhabi- 

 tants of the Alps do not till winter open its hole ; produces but 

 once a year, and brings forth three or four at a time ; they grow 

 fast, and their lives not above nine or ten years, 355. :tr>li. 



Miirrintfr and Consummation of the Indians, the husband at ten 

 yrars old, and the wife at eight ; frequently have children at that 

 age, 1*1. 



Mnriiiitr, his experiment proves that water acts as a menstruum 

 upon air. 111-'. 



Miirniir, spinal, and the brain, the first seen as begun in the 

 embryo, 159. 



Martin, its description; the most beautiful of all British beasls of 

 prey ; its scent a pleasing perfume ; the v'ellow-breasleil martin ; its 

 fur more valuable than the white-breasted eort ; Mr. Buffon sup- 

 poses them a distinct species ; that distinction unnecessary ; of all 

 the weasel-kind the most pleasini, 334, 335 ; is fond of honey, 332; 

 seldom meets the wild cat without a combat ; the wild cat not a 

 match for the martin ; there is scarcely an animal in our woods 

 that will venture to oppose it ; kept tame by Gesner and Mr. Buf- 

 fon ; often slept for two days, and then was two or three days with- 

 out sleeping ; the yellow-breasted more common in France than 

 England; in their retreat the female brings fortli her younor, three 

 or lour at a time, and they come with their eyes closed ; how she 

 compensates for her deficiency of milk ; this animal more common 

 in North America than Europe ; found in all northern parts of tho 

 world, from Siberia to China and Canada ; small birds alarm the 

 spot, where the dam keeps her young, and direct the hunter in his 

 pursuit ; the white-breasted keeps near houses and villages ; the 

 yellow in woods ; leads a savage life, 335 ; its nest generally the 

 tenement of the squirrel, taking possession, and killing the owner, 

 353 ; seizes also the flying-squirrel, 354. 



Martin, a bird of the swallow-tribe, 546. 



Mastiff, one of the three descendants of the shepherd's dog ; 

 chiefly a native of England ; when transported into Denmark, be- 

 comes the little Danish dog, 311 ; the Dutch mastiff, 312. 



Mastiff-fox, second variety of foxes less than the greyhound 

 fox, 325. 



Maturity, attained to by slow steps, announces a slow march to 

 old age ; as true to other animals as to man and vegetables, 174 ; 

 sooner arrived at in India than in Europe, 181. 



Maie, in fishes possesses the power of digesting, 608. 



Musi win, (the Emperor) a prodigy of strength ; several instances 

 of it ; by birth a Thracian ; from being a simple herdsman he rose 

 by the gradations of office, until he became Emperor of Rome ; was 

 above nine feet in height, and the best proportioned man in the 

 empire; was killed by his own soldiers, while sleeping, 151, 152. 



May-bug, or dor-beetle, described, 819. See Beetle. 



Mf-asled-harfs, distinguished from mountain hares, 348. 



Mechanism, which regulates the number of our years, admits no 

 change in its laws, and can be affected only by long fasting, or 

 great excess. 175. 



JHedavro, the brass helmet dug up there fits a common man, yet 

 is allowed to have been left there at the overthrow of Asdrubal, 192. 



Mniia has pastures in its plains excellent for rearing horses, 220. 



Mediterranean si a, always receiving, and never discharging wa- 

 ter, is no way fuller than before ; in what manner some account for 

 this, 77; water-snouts seen in it; description of them by Tournc- 

 f'ort ; salutions ottered for this phenomenon by Mr. Buffon and Dr. 

 Stuart. 114 ; this sea one of the smoothest and most gentle in the 

 world. 7-. 



Medusa, name given by Linna>ns to a small insect, thought tho 

 simple food of the Greenland whale, 618. 



Mi.il/omius has collected some few remains of ancient music, 

 which do not leave room to regret what is lost. 166. 



M< inljrane the nictitating membrane in birds ; vails the eye at 

 pleasure, 450. 



Mendip Mines, in Somersetshire, account of them by Mr. Locke, 23. 



Menstruum, that body which is most fluid and penetrating, in 

 likely to be the menstruum of one less so ; Mariotte's experiment 



OK* 



