OPP 



INDEX. 



OTT 



39 



mistaken, in savin;; that it received none; the pause of its annual 

 overflowings ; time of their increase and decrease more inconsider- 

 able now than in the time of the ancients, 02, lili. 



Abi'sr, the mind predisposed to joy, noise fails not to increase it 

 into rapture ; and those nations which have not skill enough to pro- 

 duce harmony, readily substitute noise; loud and unexpected dis- 

 turbs the whole frame, and why, 165. 



JYuse, that of the Grecian Venus, sucli as would appear at present 

 an actual deformity, 140 ; the form of the nose, and its advanced ! 

 position, peculiar to the human visage ; among the tribe of savage I 

 men, the nose is very flat ; a Tartar seen in Europe with little more i 

 than two holes through which to breathe, 1-J't ; whence originally 

 may have come the flat noses of the blacks, 1S5. 



Jfottrilf, wide, add a great deal to the bold and resolute air of the 

 countenance ; narrow ones, though supposed to constitute beauty, 

 seldom improves expression, 143 ; of the coriaceous tribe, 614 ; two 

 in the great Greenland whale, 017. 



.\'iiliiiii:c-ln. the common water-fly ; swims on its back, to feed on 

 the under side of plants growing in water. 779. 



Nti.mid inn bird, or Guinea-lien, described, 503. 



J\'umuliiin crane ; its peculiar gestures and contortions, 559. 



Nut vomiea, ground and mixed with meal, supposed to be the most 

 certain poison, and least dangerous, to kill rats, 3(i5 ; fatal to most 

 animals, except man, 497. 



.Vyl-ghaip, an animal between the cow and the deer, native of In- 

 dia ; its description ; dispositions and manners of one brought over 

 to this country ; its manner of righting ; at all our settlements in 

 India, considered as a rarity ; esteemed good and delicious food, 

 435. 



O. 



Oaks, of ITatfield Chase Levels, as black as ebony, very lasting, 

 and close grained, sold for fifteen pounds a-piece, 83. 



Objects. See Eye. 



Ohy, in Tartary a river of five hundred leagues, running from I 

 the lake of Kila, into the Northern Sea, 02 ; receives about sixty 

 rivers, 04. 



Oce.dii, occupies considerably more of the globe than the land ; 

 its different names ; all the rivers in the world flowing into it, 

 would, upon a rude computation, take eight hundred years to fill it 

 to its present height, b'7 ; savages consider it as an angry deity, 

 and pay it the homage of submission ; the bays, gulfs, currents, 

 and shallows of it, much better known and examined than the pro- 

 vinces and kingdoms of the earth, and why ; when England loses 

 its superiority there, its safety begins to be precarious, 68 ; opinions 

 concerning its saltness, and that of Boyle particularly, 69 ; winds 

 never change between the tropics in the Atlantic and Ethiopic 

 Oceans, nor in the great Pacific sea, 100 ; each has its insects and 

 vegetables. 120. 



Ocelot, or catamountain, its description, 304 ; of the panther 

 kind; one of the fiercest, and, for its size, one of the most destruc- 

 tive animals in the world ; no arts can tame or soften their man- 

 ners, 305. 



Ocotzimt-can, a kind of pigeon, one of the most splendid tenants 

 of the Mexican forests, 532. 



Ohin, several enormous skeletons, five or six feet beneath the 

 surface on the banks of that river, lately discovered. 425. 



Oil, the oil of that fish called cachalot is very easily converted 

 in*, i spermaceti, 623 ; the porpoise yields a large quantity of it, 

 62(5; by the application of olive oil, the viper's bite is effectually 

 cured. 73G. 



Olifc colour, the Asiatic, of that colour, claims the honour of j 

 the hereditary resemblance to our common parent, 185. 



Olire.r, (William) the first who discovered that the application 

 of olive oil, cured the viper's bite effectually, 730. 



Onager, or the wild ass, is in still greater abundance than even : 

 the wild horse, 223. 



Ondatra, one of the three distinctions of the musk-rat ; a na- j 

 tive of Canada; can contract and enlarge its body at pleasure; I 

 ureeps into holes where others seemingly less cannot follow ; i 

 the- female has two distinct apertures, one for urine, the other for 

 propagation ; this animal, in some measure, resembles the beaver; | 

 ;'-: manner of life during winter, in houses covered under a depth j 

 of eight or ten feet of snow ; savages of Canada cannot abide its 

 scent ; call it stinkr.rd ; its skin very valuable, 307, 368. 



Onza, or ounce, of the panther kind ; the onza of Linnreus, 303. 



O/ili 'ilium, the giltheud, by sailors called the dolphin, its descrip- 

 tion, 048. 



Of possum, the female's belly found double ; when pursued, she 



instantly takes her younff into a false belly nature has given her, 

 and carries them off. or dies in the endeavour, 212 ; an animal in 

 North and South America, of the size of a small cat, and of the 

 monkey kind ; its description, 413 ; a minute description of its 

 bag ; the young when first produced arc very small, and immedi- 

 ately on quitting the real womb they creep into the false one, but 

 the time of continuing there is uncertain ; Ulloa has found five 

 voung hidden in the belly of the dam, alive and clinging to tho 

 teat three days after she was dead ; chiefly subsists upon birds, 

 and hides among the leaves of trees to seize them by surprise ; 

 cannot run with anv swiftness, but climbs trees with great ease 

 and expedition ; it often hangs by the tail, and for hours together 

 with the head downwards, keeps watching for its prey ; by means 

 of its tail, flings itself from one tree to another, hunts insects, and 

 escapes its pursuers ; cats vegetable as well as animal substances ; 

 is easily tamed, but a disagreeable domestic, from its stupidity, 

 figure, and scent, which, though fragrant in small qantities, is un- 

 grateful when copious ; during its gestation, the bag in which the 

 young arc concealed may be opened and examined without inconve- 

 nience ; the young may be counted and handled ; they keep fixed tr, 

 the teat, and cling as firm as if they made a part of the body of 

 the mother, 414, 415. 



Orb, description of the sea-orb, also called the sea-porcupine ; is 

 absolutely poisonous if eaten, 644. 



Ore of tin is heavier than that of other metals, 22. 



Organs of digestion in a manner reversed in birds, 452. 



Organs of generation in fishes, 612. 



Orifices, or different verges in snails, G85. 



Orkney Islands, on their shores, the sea, when agitated by 

 storms, rises two hundred feet perpendicular, 80. 



Oroonuka, a river in South America, its source and length, 63. 



Ortolan, a bird of the sparrow kind, 537. 



Os/irey, its flesh liked by many, and, when young, an excellent 

 food, according to Belonius, 472. 



Ostiac Tartars, a race that have travelled down from tho north, 

 179. 



Ostracion, a fish of the cartilaginous kind ; is poisonous, 644. 



Ostrich, manner in which the Arabians hunt them, 216, and 

 465 ; an Arabian horse of the first speed scarcely outruns them, 

 216; its flesh proscribed in Scripture as unfit to be eaten; the 

 greatest of birds ; makes near approaches to the quadruped class ; 

 its description ; appears as tall as a man on horseback ; one brought 

 into England above seven feet high ; surprising conformation ofits 

 internal parts ; a native only of the torrid regions of Africa ; not 

 known to breed elsewhere than where first produced ; places they 

 inhabit ; the Arabians say it never drinks ; are seen in large flocks, 

 which to the distant spectator appear like a regiment of cavalry, 

 and have often alarmed a whole caravan ; will devour leather, 

 glass, hair, iron, stones, or any thing given ; in native deserts, 

 leads an inoffensive social life ; Theveuot affirms the male keeps 

 to the female with connubial fidelity ; thought much inclined to 

 venery ; some of their eggs above five inches in diameter, and 

 weigh fifteen pounds ; lay from forty to fifty eggs at one clutch ; 

 none has a stronger affection for her young ; assiduous in supply- 

 ing the young with grass, and careful to defend them, encounter- 

 ing every danger boldly ; way of taking them among the ancients i 

 the plumes used in their helmets ; feathers plucked from the 

 animal while alive more valued than those taken when dead ; some 

 savage nations of Africa hunt them for their flesh ; the young fe- 

 male said to be the greatest delicacy of the natives of Africa ; a 

 single egg sufficient entertainment for eight men ; eggs well 

 tasted, and extremely nourishing; of all chases, that of the ostrich, 

 though most laborious, the most entertaining ; use they make of 

 its skin ; its blood mixed with the fat a great dainty with the Ara- 

 bians ; inhabitants of Dara and Lybia breed flocks of them ; 

 tamed with little trouble ; prized for more than feathers in their 

 domestic state ; often ridden upon and used as horses ; Moore 

 assures us he saw a man at Joar travelling upon an ostrich ; and 

 Adanson asserts that he had two young ostriches, the strongest of 

 which ran swifter than the best English racer, with two Negroes 

 on his back ; of all animals using wings with legs in running, these 

 are by far the swiftest ; the American ostrich, 4C2 to 466. 



Oltar of roses, a modern perfume, valued for its vegetable fra- 

 grance, 342. 



Oiler, the link between land and amphibious animals, resembles 

 terrestrial in make, and aquatic in living; swims faster than it runs ; 

 is brown, and like an overgrown weasel; differs in no respect from 

 the weasel kind, except in having the feet webbed, and in living 

 almost constantly in the water ; its description ; voracious animal, 

 found near lakes ; not fond of fishing in running water, and why ; 

 when in rivers, always swims against the stream, to meet rather 



