PIE 



INDEX. 



PLA 



fowls, nd fi&hrs; instances of its gluttonous appetite; their food 

 and flesh ; are a bird of society, 5ft? to .">.*!'. 



Peninsula of India, on one side the coasts are near half the year 

 harassed by violent hurricanes and northern tempests, 102. 



Penpark-holc, in Gloucestershire ; its description, from Captain 

 Sturmey, 19. 



People, so young as fourteen or fifteen, often found to cease 

 growing, 140. 



Pepper, the Indians prefer that devoured and voided unconcocted 

 by the toucan, 518. 



Perch, a prickly-finned thoracic fish, its description. 648. 



Perfumes, no perfume has a stronger or more permanent smell 

 than musk, 255 ; the scent of the martin a most pleasant perfume, 

 334 ', some of the weasel kind have a smell approaching to per- 

 fume, 338; that of the musk or the civet, 33'.t; in whiit. manner 

 taken from the pouch ; civet a more grateful perfume thon rnusk ; 

 is communicated to all parts of the animal's body ; the fur impreg- J 

 Dated, and the skin also ; a person shut up with one of them in a 

 close room cannot support the scent ; this perfume sold in Holland 

 for about fifty shillings an ounce, 340, 341. 



Perscpons, its pastures excellent for the purpose of rearing 

 horses, 21!). 



Persia, the horses of that country the most beautiful and most 

 valuable of all in the East. 219; there are studs of ten thousand 

 white mares together, with hoofs so hard th.it shoeing is unnecessa- 

 ry, 216 ; description of the Persian horses by Pif3tro de la Valle, 219 ; 

 the flesh of the wild ass so much liked that its delicacy is a pro- 

 verb there ; an entertainment of wild asses exhibited by the mo- 

 parch to Olearius. 224; two kinds of asses there, and some of them 

 worth forty or fifty pounds, 22(i. 



Persian Gulf, a very dangerous wind prevails, by the natives 

 called the Sameyel j it suddenly kills all those it involves in its pas- 

 sage, and frequently assumes a visible form, darting in a blueish 

 vapour along the surface of the country, 105. 



Perspiration, an experiment from which the learned may infer 

 npon what foundation the doctrine of'Sanctorian perspiration is 

 built, 149. 



Peruvians understood the art of preserving their dead for a long 

 time, 194. 



Peter the Great, of Russia, celebrated a marriage of dwarfs ; 

 the preparations for this wedding were grand, yet in a style of bar- 

 barous ridicule, 188, 189. 



Petreoleum , an injection of this bituminous oil inwardly, and an 

 application of asphaltum without, sufficient to make a mummy, 188. 



Pcttichaps, a bird of the sparrow kind, 537. 



Phalanger, a kind of oppossum ; its description ; called the rat 

 of Surinam, 415. 



Pharaoh (the cat of) name given to the ichneumon. 337. 



Pliaraoh (the capon of) thought to be the true ibis ; a devourer 

 of serpents, 557. 



Phasis, a river of Colchis, in Asia Minor, from the hanks of 

 which the pheasants were brought into Europe, and still retain 

 their name, 501. 



Phalagin, an animal less than the pangolin ; where to be found, 

 380. 



Pheasants, at first propagated among us, brought into Europe 

 from the banks of the Phusis a river of Colchis, in Asia Minor, 

 where they still retain their name ; description of tmV; beautiful bird ; 

 wild arnonff us, is an envied ornament of our parks and forests, 

 where he f"eeds upon acorns and berries ; in the woods the hen 

 pheasant lays from eighteen to twenty eggs in a season ; but in a 

 domestic state seldom above ten ; it is better, left at large in the 

 woods than reduced to its pristine captivity; its fecundity, when 

 wild, is mifificient to stock the forest, and its flesh acquires a higher 

 flavour from its unlimited freedom ; many varieties of pheasants ; 

 of nil others, the golden pheasant of China the most beautiful, 501 

 to 503. 



Phlrgium a high mountain of Ethiopia, swallowed by an earth- 

 quake, 47. 



Pholas, the file-fish, places where these animals are found ; their 

 power of penetrating ; the pillars of the temple of Serapis at Pu- 

 teoli were penetrated by them; they pierce the hardest bodies 

 with their tongue, (394. 695. 



Pichincha, a remarkable mountain near Quito, in South America, 

 44. 



Pie, no class of birds so ingenious, active, and well-fitted for so- 

 ciety ; they live in pairs, and their attachments are confined to 

 each other ; they Iniild nests in trees or bushes ; the male shares 

 in the labour of building, and relieves his mate in the duties of in- 

 cubation ; and the young once excluded, both are equally active 

 in making them ample provision ; general laws prevail, and a re- 



publican form of government is established among them ; thjr 

 wiitrli for the general safety of every bird of the grove ; they are 

 remarkable for instinct, and capacity for instruction ; instances of 

 it ; the few general characters in which they all agree. 511, 512. 

 Pie (sea) breeds in this country, and resides in its marshy parts, 



Pigrons, are ruminating birds, 232 ; those that live in a wild 

 state by no means so fruitful as those in our pigeon-houses near 

 home ; the tame pigeon, and all its beautiful varieties, owe their 

 origin to one species, the stock-dove ; various names of tume 

 pigeons : attempts made to render domestic the ring-dove, but 

 fruitless; the turtle-dove a bird of passage ; a pair put in a cage, 

 and one dying, the other does not survive ; the pigeon called ocot- 

 zimtzcan, is one of the splendid tenants of the Mexican forests; 

 pigeon of the dove-house is not so faithful as the turtle-dove ; near 

 fifteen thousand pigeons may in four years be produced from a 

 single pair ; the stock-dove seldom breeds above twice a year ; 

 the dove-houso pigeon breeds every month ; have a stronger 

 attachment to their young than those who breed so often ; the 

 pigeons called carriers used to convey letters; not trained with 

 as much care as formerly, when sent from a besieged city to those 

 coining to relieve it ; in an hour and a half they perform a journey 

 of forty-miles, 529 to 532. 



Pigmy, the existence of a pigmy race of mankind is founded in 

 error or in fable, 188. 



Pigtail, is the last of the baboons ; its description, 406. 



Pike, the description of this fish, 059 ; instances of its rapacity, 

 659. 



Pilc/iards, little differing from the herring ; make the coast of 

 Cornwall their place of resort ; advantages of this fishery ; money 

 paid for pilchards exported has annually amounted to near fifty 

 thousand pounds, 655, G56. 



Pillau. on the Baltic, the shores there divided into districts for 

 the sturgeon-fishery, 041. 



Pills, of calcined shells and tobacco, used by the American In- 

 dians to palliate hunger, 155. 



Pilori, one of the three distinctions of the musk-rat ; a native 

 of the West Indies, 307. 



Pilot of the shark, name given the sucking-fish or remora, and 

 why, 631. 



Pinch, name of a monkey of the sagoin kind ; its description, 

 412. 



Pintadal, or the Guinea hen, its description; different names 

 given to this bird, 503. 



Pintail, a kind of duck, 598. 



Pipal, the Surinam toad, an extraordinary and hideous creature ; 

 its description. 707. 



Pipr-Jifh, cartilaginous, and not thicker than a swan's quill ; its 

 description. 644. 



Pipe-worms, and other little animals, fix their habitations to the 

 oyster's sides, and live in security, 089. 



Pit-falls, a wolf, a friar, and a woman, taken in one all in the 

 same night ; the woman lost her senses, the friar his reputation, 

 and the wolf his life, 321. 



Pithckos, a name given by the ancients to the ape properly so 

 called, 403. 



Pivot, the razor -shell, its motion, and habits ; is allured by salt, 

 690. 



Placenta, that body by which the animal is supplied with nou- 

 rishment, 130. 



Plague, not well known whence it has its beginning ; is propa- 

 gated by infection ; some countries, even in the midst of Africa, , 

 never infected with it ; others generally visited by it once a year, 

 as Eygpt ; not known in Nigritia ; Nmnidia it molests not once in 

 a hundred years ; plague spread over the world in 1346, after two 

 years travelling from the great kingdom of Cathay, north of 

 China, to Europe ; the plague desolated the city of London in 

 1665 ; for this last age, it has abated its violence, even in those 

 countries where most common, and why ; a plague affected trees 

 and stones, 96, 97. 



Plaisne en Jlnjou, a village in France, particular account of a 

 dwarf born there, 189. 



Plaster of Paris, finely powdered, boils and heaves in great 

 waves, like water, 53. 



Planets exceed the earth one thousand times in magnitude ; at 

 first supposed to wander in the heavens without fixed paths ; per- 

 form their circuits with great exactness, and strict regularity, 1. 



Plants and vegetables, will not grow so fast in distilled as un- 

 distilled water, 49 ; smell of some BO powerful as hardly to be en- 

 dured, 64 ; do not vegetate in an exhausted receiver, 92 ; but thus 

 ceasing to vegetate, keep longer sweet than when exposed to ex 



