VIP 



LNDEX. 



VUL 



of a larger animal than the elephant, 425 ; of the uarwhale,or sea- 

 unicorn, a cetaceous fish witli teeth, from nine to fourteen feet 

 long, 621. 



Twins, never, while infants, so large or strong as children that 

 come singly into the world, and why, 132. 



Typhons, spouts so called seen at land ; differ in several re- 

 spects from those at sea, 115. 



Tyson, (Dr.) his description of an ouran-outang, by the name 

 of pigmy, the best and most exact. See Ouran-outang, 400. 



V. 



Valerian, a plant of which cats are excessively fond, 290. 



Valle, (Pietro) his description of Persian horses, 219. 



Vampyre, a foreign bat having the reputed faculty of drawing 

 blood from persons asleep, and thus destroying them before they 

 awake. See Bat, 385. 



Vansire, a sort of ferret of Madagascar, according to Mr. Buffon, 

 333. 



Vapour of metals in mines not BO noxious as those of substan- 

 ces with which ores are usually united, such as arsenic, cinnabar, 

 &c. ; fragrance of their smell ; warnings about them, 23 ; disen- 

 gaged from water, and attenuated, ascends into the atmosphere, 

 where condensed and acquiring weight as it rolls, falls down in a 

 chape suitable to the temperature of its elevation, 108 ; most fcetid, 

 breathed from the jaws of the wolf, 322. 



Varetiius, his opinion upon the formation of rivers, 58. 



Vurl. a kind of maki, last of the monkey kind, its description, 41 3. 



Vault, go to vault, phrase used by hunters when the hare enters 

 holes like the rabbit, 347. 



Vegetables, vegetable earth ; the bed of it, in an inhabited coun- 

 try, must be always diminishing, and why, 16; plant with a round bul- 

 bous head, which, when dried, becomes of amazing elasticity, grows 

 near the extremity of that region, on mountains where continual 

 enow reigns, 44 ; like fluids and mineral substances, produce air in 

 a copious manner, 93 ; totally unprotected, and exposed to every 

 assailant, 119 ; those in a dry and sunny soil, are strong and vi- 

 gorous, not luxuriant ; and those the joint product of heat and mois- 

 ture, are luxuriant and tender ; different kinds appropriated to dif- 

 ferent appetites of animals, and why ; birds distribute the seeds of 

 vegetables where they fly ; vegetables cover the bottom of many 

 parts of the sea, 120 ; but few noxious ; that life as much promoted 

 by human industry, as animal life is diminished, 122 ; the ass gives 



some pus; 



difference between animal and vegetable life, difficult, if not impos- 

 sible, to answer, 82H ; not possessed of one power which animals 

 have, the actual ability, or awkward attempt at selt-preservation, 

 ib. ; thse called marine grow to a monstrous size, 833. 



Vfifettttion anticipated in its progress by bees, 803. 



Velino, a river in Italy, has a cataract of 150 feet perpendicular 

 in height, 65. 



Velocity, not alone the actuating force of winds, but also the de- 

 gree of density, 104. 



Velrrt-like downy substance upon the skin covering the skull, 

 when the horn of a deer is fallen off, 257. 



Velvet-duck, a variety of the common duck, a native of the Eu- 

 ropean dominions, 598. 



Venery, partridges immoderately addicted to it, to an unnatural 

 degree, 508. 



Venom, given to the fire-flare by Pliny, ^Elian, and Oppian, in a 

 degree to affect the inanimate creation ; many reasons to doubt of 

 it, 035. 



Vrnus. See Jfose, 140. See Fart, 192. 



Verges, or orifices of the snails, are two, one active, the other 

 passive. ii>5. 



Vtrmia, hospitals erected by the Bramins in India for the main- 

 tenance of all kinds of vermin, 1st ; less found with asses, than 

 with other animals covered with hair, 22ii. 



Vertigo, in gonts. produced by an immoderate cold, 246. 



Vesuvius, its eruptions, the most remarkable described by Valet- 

 ta; account of another by bishop Berkeley, 27 to 29. 



Vibrations. See Tone, 164. 



Vineta., a port of Pomerania, overflowed and destroyed by the 

 Baltic, 82. 



Violet-crab of the Caribbee islands, most noted for shape, deli- 

 cacv of flesh, and singularity of manners, 665, 666. 



Viuer. most vivacious of reptiles ; experiment on a viper in the 

 receiver of the air-pump, by Mr. Boyle, 93 ; kept in boxes for six 

 or eight mouths, without any food ; iU progressive motion, 72y ; 



the only animal in Great Britain, whose bite is feared ; do not de- 

 vour their young ; their food ; by the application of olive oil, the 

 bite ot the viper effectually cured ; who first discovered this reme- 

 dy ; effects of the viper's bite, 735, 736. 



Vinton, its errors ; objects represented upside down and double ; 

 the point without sensation ; and want of measure for distance, 

 159, 160. 



Viviparous and oviparous animals, the two classes for generation 

 and production ; all other modes held imaginary and erroneous, 

 125 ; the bl.'nny, a spinous fish, brings forth two or three hundred 

 young at a time, alive and playing around their parent, 612. 



Ukraine, the cattle there become very fat, and considered the 

 largest of all Europe, 2M. 



Dltoa, his description of South America, of Cotopaxi, of Quito, 

 of the Andes, and a volcano, 29. 



Umvuital vessels, those of the placenta to the foetus, 131. 



I/rum, one of the two kinds of the sloth, an animal about tlw 

 size of a badger, 442. 



Underhung, expression among painters, meaning a prominent 

 under-jaw, 144. 



i'tulcrstaiiiling, comparative progress of it ; greater in infanta 

 than in children of three or lour years old, 136. 



Unduiations, in elastic bodies supposed by the ear one continued 

 sound, though in reality many, 164. 



Unicorn, of the sea. a whale with teeth in the upper-jaw ; its 

 description, 349. See ffarwhaie. 



Lnicalve shells, first division by Aristotle, as to figure, 679. 



Volcano, opinions of philosophers and ignorant men about it; 

 three very remarkable in Europe, 26 ; Albouras most famous in 

 Asia ; one in the island of Ternate ; in the Molucca islands, in 

 Japan, in Java and Sumatra, in the Cape de Verde islands, the 

 peak iu Teneriffe, and also in America, 29 ; marine ones not very 

 frequent, and why, 38. 



Uranoscopns, a prickly-finned apodal fish ; description of it, 646. 



Urchins, or echini, a multivalve shell-fish ; manner of exhibiting 

 this extraordinary animal in every light ; its description ; some 

 kinds as good eating as the lobster, and its eggs considered as a 

 great delicacy, 693, 094. 



Urinary passages, effects of the cantharides falling principally 

 upon them, 822. 



Urine of animals found efficacious in some disorders, 250 ; of the 

 lion insupportable, 295 ; of camels, an ingredient in sal ammoniac, 

 432 ; of birds differ from that of other animals, 452. 



Urson or Hudson, of the hedgehog kind, a native of Hudson's 

 bay ; its description ; sleeps much, and feeds upon the bark of 

 juniper ; in winter, snow serves it as drink, and in summer it laps 

 water like a dog ; 377. 



Urus and bison in fact descendants of one common stock, and 

 naturalists assigning them different classes, have separated what is 

 really united ; this wild bull chiefly met with in Lithuania ; de- 

 scription of it ; generally taken by pit-falls ; the breed chiefly oc- 

 cupies the cold and temperate zones, 235, 236. 



Vulture kind, vulture and dog, about Grand Cairo in Egypt, 

 keep together in a sociable friendly manner, and bring up their 

 young in the same nest, 317 ; its distinctive marks from other 

 kinds of carnivorous birds ; the flesh liked, and dress for eating, 

 according to Bellonius, 472 ; of Senegal, said to carry off children, 

 probably no other than the condor, 478 ; seldom attacks living 

 annuals when supplied with dead, 479 ; description of the golden 

 vulture, ib. 



Vulture, bird ot' prey, next in rank to the eagle, less generous 

 and buld. 47U , countries where found ; unknown in England ; flocks 

 of them near Grand Cairo, not permitted to be destroyed, as they 

 devour all the filth and carrion there ; in company with wild dogs, 

 tear and devour together without quarrelling; wonderful method 

 of separating the flesli from the bones, and leaving the skin entire ; 

 smell carrion from afar ; follow those that hunt for skins alone, 

 and so voraciously fill theuisi'lves as merely to waddle, and to want 

 disgorging belbre they fly away ; are little apprehensive of danger, 

 and allow themselves to be approached ; an eagle falling in upon 

 their meals, keeps them at a distance till he be satiated ; an ox 

 returning home alone, lying down by the way, becomes their prey, 

 and is devoured alive ; attempt oxen grazing ; destroy lambs, and 

 feed much upon serpents, rabbits, hares, and what game they can 

 overpower; also demolish whole .broods of crocodiles; lay two 

 eggs at a time, and produce but once a year ; make nests in inac- 

 cessible cliffs and remotest places; their flfsh, lean, stringy, nau- 

 seous, tasting and smelling of carrion ; the down of their wing 

 makes a pretty kind of fur, commonly sold in Asiatic markets, 

 479 to 481. 



Vultures, (King of) description of this bird, 461. 



