54 



WIN 



INDEX. 



WOM 



ner in which it is formed, 78; those of the ocean particularly dan- 

 gerous ; extraordinary one upon the coasts of Norway, called the 

 Maelstroom, 78, 79. 



Whirlwind, the most rapid formed by united contributions of 

 minerals, vegetables, and animals, increasing the current of 

 air, 99. 



Whiskers, a man without them formerly considered as unfit for 

 company in Spain ; Nature denying, Art supplied the deficiency ; a 

 Spanish General borrowing money of the Venetians, pawned his 

 whiskers, and took care to release them ; part of the religion of the 

 Tartars consists in the management of their whiskers, and they 

 waged war with the Persians as infidels, whose whiskers had not 

 the orthodox cut ; the kings of Persia wore them matted with gold 

 thread, and the kings of France, of the first races, had them knotted 

 and buttoned with gold, 145. 



Whiston, his reasoning concerning the theory of the earth. 8, 9 ; 

 finds water enough in the tail of a comet for the universal de- 

 luge, 10. 



White, the natural colour of man, all other tints proceed from 

 greater or lesser heat of climate ; among the white races of people, 

 our own country bids fairest for pre-eminence, J64. 



White-bait, shoals appear near Greenwich in July, G56. 



White-nose, the moustoc, monkey of the ancii-nt continent, a 

 beautiful little animal ; its description ; a native of the Gold Coast, 

 411. 



White-throat, a slender-billed bird of the sparrow kind, living 

 upon insects, 537. 



Widgeon, a variety of the European duck, described, but best 

 known by its whistling sound, 5!'5. 



Wild man of the woods. See Ouran-outunir, 399. 



Wind, a current of air ; artificial ; causes assigned for the variety, 

 activity, continual change, and uncertain duration of it ; in what 

 manner to ibretel the certainty of a wind, as the return of an eclipse ; 

 to account for variations of wind upon land, not at present expucted ; 

 recourse to be had to the ocean, and why ; in many parts of the 

 world the wind pays stated visits; in some places they blow uno 

 way by day, and another by night; in others, for one half-year they 

 go in a direction contrary to their former course ; in some places 

 the winds never change ; the wind which never varies is the great 

 universal wind, blowing from the east to the west, in all extensive 

 oceans, where the land does not break the general current ; thi- 

 other winds are deviations of its current ; many theories explain 

 the motion of the winds; that of Dr. Lyster ; theory of Cartusius ; 

 Dr. Halley's more plausible, 99, 100. 



// tiida (Trade) blow from the poles towards the equator ; wore 

 the surface of the globe sea, the winds would be constant, and blow 

 iii one direction ; various circumstances break its current, and drive 

 it back against its general course, forcing it upon coasts that face 

 the west ; want of a true system of trade winds, supplied by an im- 

 perfect history of them ; north wind prevails during October, No- 

 vember, December, and January, in the Atlantic, under the tempe- 

 rate zone ; north wind reigns during the winter in Nova Zembla, 

 and other arctic countries; south wind prevails during July in the 

 Cape de Verd Islands ; north-west wind blows during September at 

 the Cape of Good Hope ; regular winds produced by various causes 

 upon land ; ancient Greeks first observed them ; in general, 

 wherever a strong current of water, there is a wind to attend it ; 

 regular winds produced by the flux and reflux of the sea ; winds 

 vailed monsoons ; some peculiar to certain coasts ; south wind con- 

 stant upon those of Chili and Peru ; other winds peculiar to various 

 coasts, 100 to 102. 



Winds at land puff by intervals, and why ; not so at sea ; east 

 wind more constant than any other, and generally most powerful ; 

 wind blowing one way and clouds moving another, forerunners of 

 thunder ; cause of this surprising appearance remains a secret ; 

 from sea, generally moister than those over tracts of land ; more 

 boisterous in spring and autumn than at other seasons ; their force 

 does not depend upon velocity alone, but also upon density ; re- 

 flected from sides of mountains and towers, often more powerful 

 than in direct progression ; raise sandy deserts in one country, to 

 deposit them upon some other ; south winds in summer so hot in 

 Egypt as almost to stop respiration, and produce epidemic disorders, 

 continuing for any length of time ; deadly along the coasts of the 

 Persian Gulf, and of India; assume a visible form, 103 to 105. 



Wind-pipe in men has a lump not seen in women, 147 ; makes 

 convolutions within a bird, and is called the labyrinth, this dif- 

 ference obtains in birds seemingly of the same species, 451 ; strange 

 in the throat of the crane, 554 ; of the bittern, 562 ; in the wild 

 swan, 594. 



Wings of birds, their description ; bastard wing, 449 ; flap of a 

 swan's wing breaks a man's leg ; a similar blow from an eagle lays 



a man dead instantly, 450 ; of butterflies, distinguish them from 

 flies of other kinds; their number and beautiful colours, 791. 



Winter beginning round the poles, the misty appearance of heat 

 in southern climates is there produced by cold, 1 13. 



Wistiti, a monkey of the sagoin kind, remarkable for the tufts of 

 hair upon its face, and its annulatcd tail, 412. 



H'olga, its length ; abounds with water in May and June ; at 

 other times very shallow ; the English disappointed in a trade into 

 Persia through it, 61 ; receives thirty-three lesser rivers in its course. 

 04 ; and has seventy openings into the Caspian sea, 39. 



Wolf, wild dogs partake of the disposition of the wolf; the wolf 

 t;iken young is gontle only while a cub; as it grows older, discovers 

 its natural appetite of rapine and cruelty, 309 ; experiments prove 

 neither wolf nor fox of the same nature with the dog, but each a 

 distinct species, 315 ; a fierce, strong, cunning, carnivorous quadru- 

 ped, externally and internally so nearly resembling the dog, they 

 seem modelled alike, yet have a perfect antipathy to each other ^ 

 description of the wolf; principal distinction from the dog is the eye, 

 which opens slantingly upwards in the same direction with the 

 nose ; also the tail is long, bushy, hanging lank ; the wolf lives about 

 twenty years ; it is not much with those of his kind, yet hunts in 

 packs with them ; quarrelling, they devour each other ; is watchful 

 and easily waked ; supplied with water, lives four or five days with- 

 out food ; carries off a sheep without touching the ground, and runs 

 with it swifter than his pursuers ; smells a carcass at a great dis- 

 tance ; leaving the wood, goes out against the wind ; particularly 

 fond of human flesh ; follow armies, and arrive in numbers upon a 

 field of battle ; two or tiiree wolves keep a province for a time in 

 continual alarm ; distinguished by huntsmen into young, old, and 

 ijriiat wolf : manner of hunting them ; young dogs shudder at their 

 sight; the wolf killed, no dogs show an appotite to enjoy their vic- 

 tory : the flesh so very indifferent, no creature eats it but the kind 

 itself; breathe a most fetid vapour from their jaws; often die of 

 hunger after running mad by furious agitations ; season for coupling 

 lasts but fifteen days ; no strong attachment appears between male 

 and female ; sek each other only once aycar ; couple in winter, several 

 males then follow one female, dispute cruelly, growl, and tear each 

 othrr. and sometimes kill that preferred by the female ; she flies 

 from all with the chosen when the rest are asleep ; males pass from 

 one female to another; time of pregnancy about three months and 

 a half; couple lik.- tiir dor;, and the separation hindered by the same 

 eansw ; bring forth from five to six, or nine at a litter ; the cubs 

 brought forth with eyes closed ; young wolves play with hares or 

 birds brought by their dams, and end by killing them ; able to en- 

 gender when two years old; France, Spain, and Italy, much infested 

 with them ; England, Ireland, and Scotland, happily free ; King 

 Edgar first attempted to rid this kingdom, and in what manner ; 

 Edward I. issued a mandate to Peter Corbet for the destruction of 

 them ; some quite black, some white all over ; found in Asia, Africa, 

 and America; in the East trained up for show, taught to dance and 

 play tricks ; one thus educated sells for four or five hundred crowns ; 

 in Lapland the wolf never altacks a rein-deer when haltered ; wolves 

 of North America used in hunting; caught in pit-falls ; a wolf, a 

 friar, and a woman, taken in one the same night, 317 to fi2^. 



Wolf, (Giililm) the Latin name for the Jackal, 325. 



Woif-jia/i, the anarbicas ; a soft-filmed apodal fish ; its description, 

 649. 



Womb, history of the child in the womb, 129 to 132 ; of the hare 

 divided in two, as a double organ, one side of which may be filled, 

 while the other remains empty, 346; description of the false womb 

 of the oppossum, 414. 



Women, some continue pregnant a month beyond the usual time ; 

 those of Africa deliver themselves, and are well a few hours after, 

 132 ; in barbarous countries, the laborious duties of life thrown upon 

 the women ; the chief and only aim of an Asiatic is possession of 

 many women ; instance, in our own country, of a fine woman .nar- 

 ried to an eunuch; a principal employment of those of Thibet, is 

 reddening the teeth with herbs, and making their hair white, 138, 

 139; the body arrives at perfection sooner than in men ; the persons 

 of women as complete at twenty as those of men at thirty, 141 ; less 

 apt to become bald than men ; Mr. Buffon thinks they never become 

 bald ; there are too many instances to the contrary, 142; lower 

 eyelids drawn downwards when with child ; the corners of the 

 mouth also ; then likewise high shouldered ; circumstances under 

 which the midwifes call them all mouth and eyes, 148 ; the shoulders 

 narrower, and the neck proportionably longer than in men, ib. ; first 

 impulse of savage nature confirms women's slavery ; the next of half 

 barbarous nations, appropriates their beauty ; and that of the per- 

 fectly polite engages their affections, 152; the bones, cartilages, 

 muscles, and other parts of the body, softer than in men ; a woman 

 of sixty has a better chance than a man of that age to live to eighty ; 



